Numerical modelling of jointed and faulted rock
The methodology is examined of numerical modelling in a data-limited system such as a rock mass. Two categories of modelling are identified: a) the genesis of fault systems from an initial continuum; and b) the mechanical response of a discontinuum to changed loading. In the first category, some modelling results are given for graben faulting above a tilting, rigid basement. Families of faults develop even in a very simple model, without softening, weak spots or large-strain formulation. Some parameters are identified that influence fault spacing and fault curvature. In the second modelling category, a “bookshelf” mechanism is simulated by the distinct element method for the same graben example. The strategy of modelling a potentially chaotic, physically unstable system is discussed, and some suggestions for future work are given.