Aligning simulation models: A case study and results
This paper develops the concepts and methods of a process we will call "alignment of computational models" or "docking" for short. Alignment is needed to determine whether two models can produce the same results, which in turn is the basis for critical experiments and for tests of whether one model can subsume another. We illustrate our concepts and methods using as a target a model of cultural transmission built by Axelrod. For comparison we use the Sugarscape model developed by Epstein and Axtell. The two models differ in many ways and, to date, have been employed with quite different aims. The Axelrod model has been used principally for intensive experimentation with parameter variation, and includes only one mechanism. In contrast, the Sugarscape model has been used primarily to generate rich "artificial histories", scenarios that display stylized facts of interest, such as cultural differentiation driven by many different mechansims including resource availability, migration, trad...