A second update on mapping the human genetic architecture of COVID-19

著者: The COVID-19 Host Genetics Initiative, Leadership, Masahiro Kanai, Shea J. Andrews, Mattia Cordioli, Christine Stevens, Benjamin M. Neale, Mark J. Daly, Andrea Ganna, Writing group, Writing group lead, Gita A. Pathak, Writing group member, Akiko Iwasaki, Analysis group, Manuscript analysis team lead, Juha Karjalainen, Juha Mehtonen, Manuscript analysis team members: Mendelian randomization, Manuscript analysis team members: principal component projection, gene prioritization, Manuscript analysis team members: methods development, Matti Pirinen, Project management group, Project management lead, Project management support, Karolina Chwiałkowska, Amy Trankiem, Mary K. Balaconis, Scientific communication group, Scientific communication lead, Kumar Veerapen, Brooke N. Wolford, Scientific communication member, Hajar Fauzan Ahmad, Shea J. Andrews, Kathrin Aprile von Hohenstaufen Puoti, Cindy G. Boer, Palwendé Romuald Boua, Guillaume Butler‐Laporte, Carmen L. Cadilla, Karolina Chwiałkowska, Francesca Colombo, Venceslas Douillard, Nicole Dueker, Atanu Kumar Dutta, Yasser M. El‐Sherbiny, Madonna M. Eltoukhy, Sahar Esmaeeli, Annika Faucon, Marie-Julie Favé, Israel Fernández Cadenas, Margherita Francescatto, Laurent C. Francioli, Lude Franke, Macarena Fuentes, Rocío Gallego Durán, David Gómez-Cabrero, Emi N. Harry, Philip R. Jansen, József Szentpéteri, Elżbieta Kaja, Masahiro Kanai, Chloe Kirk, Athanasios Kousathanas, José Eduardo Krieger, Sanjay Patel, Audrey Lemaçon, Sophie Limou, Píetro Lió, Eirini Marouli, M. Marttila, Carolina Medina‐Gómez, Yael Michaeli, Isabelle Migeotte, Soumyajit Mondal, Andrés Moreno‐Estrada, Leire Moya, Tomoko Nakanishi, Jamal Nasir, Dorote Pasko, Nathaniel M. Pearson, Alexandre C. Pereira, James R. Priest, Vid Prijatelj, Ivana Nedeljković, Alexander Teumer, Réka Várnai, Manuel Romero-Gómez, Christina Roos, Jeffrey Rosenfeld, Ruolin Li, Eva C. Schulte, Claudia Schurmann, Bahareh Sedaghati-khayat, Doaa Shaheen, Ilangumaran Shivanathan, Csilla Sipeky, Zhou Sirui, Pasquale Striano, Yosuke Tanigawa, Alicia Utrilla Remesal, Nirmal Vadgama, Costanza L. Vallerga, Sander W. van der Laan, Ricardo A. Verdugo, Qingbo S. Wang, Zhou Wei, Ummu Afeera Zainulabid, Ruth N. Zárate, 23andMe, Analysis team lead, Adam Auton, Data collection lead, Janie F. Shelton, Anjali J. Shastri, Analysis team member, Catherine H. Weldon, Teresa Filshtein-Sonmez, Daniella Coker, Antony Symons, Stella Aslibekyan, Jared O’Connell, Data collection member, Chelsea Ye, Adolescent brain and cognitive development study, Analysis team lead, Alexander S. Hatoum, Admin team lead, Arpana Agrawal, Ryan Bogdan, Analysis team member, Sarah M. C. Colbert, Data collection member, Wesley K. Thompson, Chun Chieh Fan, Admin team member, Emma C. Johnson, Armenia_Covid-19hg, Data collection lead, Lyudmila Niazyan, Mher Davidyants, Admin team lead, Arsen Arakelyan, Admin team member, Diana Avetyan, Analysis team lead, Makhabbat Bekbossynova, Data collection lead, Ainur Tauekelova, Mukhtar Tuleutayev, Admin team lead, Aliya Sailybayeva, Analysis team member, Yerlan Ramankulov, Elena Zholdybayeva, Jarkyn Dzharmukhanov, Kuat Kassymbek, Data collection member, Tatyana Tsechoeva, Gulsimzhan Turebayeva, Zauresh Smagulova, Admin team member, Timur Muratov, Sadyk Khamitov, Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC), Analysis team lead, Alex S. F. Kwong, Data collection lead, Nicholas J. Timpson, BelCovid, Analysis team lead, Mari Niemi, Data collection lead, Souad Rahmouni, Julien Guntz, Admin team lead, Y Beguin, Analysis team member, Mattia Cordioli, Sara Pigazzini, Lindokuhle Nkambule, Data collection member, Michel Georges, Michel Moutschen, Benoît Misset, Gilles Darcis, Stéphanie Gofflot, Youssef Bouysran, Adeline Busson, Xavier Peyrassol, Françoise Wilkin, Bruno Pichon, Guillaume Smits, Isabelle Vandernoot, Jean‐Christophe Goffard, Nicky Tiembe, Biobanque Quebec COVID19, Analysis team lead, Data collection lead, David Morrison, Jonathan Afilalo, Admin team lead, Vincent Mooser, J. Brent Richards, Simon Rousseau, Madéleine Durand, Analysis team member, Guillaume Butler‐Laporte, Vincenzo Forgetta, Data collection member, Lætitia Laurent, Zaman Afrasiabi, Meriem Bouab, Chris Tselios, Xiaoqing Xue, Marc Afilalo, Maureen Oliveira, Janick St-Cyr, Ariane Boisclair, Admin team member, Jiannis Ragoussis, Daniel Auld, Daniel E. Kaufmann, G. Mark Lathrop, Guillaume Bourque, Simon Décary, Emilia Liana Falcone, Alexandre Montpetit, Alain Piché, Christel Renoux, Karine Tremblay, Sze Man Tse, Ma’n H. Zawati, BioVU, Analysis team lead, Lea K. Davis, Nancy J. Cox, Jennifer E. Below, Analysis team member, Julia Sealock, Annika Faucon, Megan M. Shuey, Hannah G. Polikowsky, Lauren E. Petty, Douglas M. Shaw, Hung‐Hsin Chen, Wanying Zhu, Bonn Study of COVID-19 Genetics, Analysis team lead, Axel Schmidt, Data collection lead, Kerstin U. Ludwig, Analysis team member, Carlo Maj, Data collection member, Selina Rolker, Daniella Balla, Pari Behzad, Markus M. Nöthen, Julia Fazaal, Verena Keitel, Verena Keitel, Björn‐Erik Ole Jensen, Torsten Feldt, Nikolaus Marx, Michael Dreher, Isabell Pink, Markus Cornberg, Thomas Illig, Clara Lehmann, Philipp Schommers, Jan Rybniker, Max Augustin, Lisa Knopp, Ingo Kurth, Thomas Eggermann, Sonja Volland, Marc Moritz Berger, Thorsten Brenner, Anke Hinney, Oliver Witzke, Margarethe Konik, Robert Bals, Christian Herr, Nicole Ludwig, Jörn Walter, Eicke Latz, Susanne V. Schmidt, CGEn HostSeq—Canadian COVID-19 Human Host Genome Sequencing Databank, Analysis team lead, Jennifer D. Brooks, Shelley B. Bull, Lloyd T. Elliott, France Gagnon, Celia M.T. Greenwood, Rayjean J. Hung, Jerry Lawless, Andrew D. Paterson, Lei Sun, Michael J. Rauh, Laurent Briollais, Anne‐Claude Gingras, Yvonne Bombard, Trevor J. Pugh, Jared T. Simpson, Lee Goneau, Data collection lead, Anat R. Halevy, David M. Maslove, Bjug Borgundvaag, Luke Devine, Erin Bearss, David Richardson, Saranya Arnoldo, Steven Friedman, Ahmed Taher, Seth Stern, Marc Dagher, Jovanka Vasilevska‐Ristovska, Catherine M. Biggs, Beata Mickiewicz, Admin team lead, Lisa J. Strug, Stephen W. Scherer, Naveed Aziz, Steven J.M. Jones, Bartha Maria Knoppers, Mark Lathrop, Stuart E. Turvey, Rae S. M. Yeung, Upton Allen, Angela M. Cheung, Margaret S. Herridge, Miranda Hunt, Jordan Lerner‐Ellis, Jennifer Taher, Rulan S. Parekh, Linda T. Hiraki, Juthaporn Cowan, Francine M. Ducharme, Mario Ostrowski, François P. Bernier, Jim Kellner, Analysis team member, Elika Garg, Samantha Yoo, Caitlyn Vlasschaert, Erika Frangione, Monica Chung, Abdul Noor, Elena Greenfeld, Karen Colwill, Marc Clausen, Gary Chao, FengYun Yue, Marvin J. Fritzler, Joseph Whitney, Bhooma Thiruvahindrapuram, Jean‐Michel Garant, Rohan Abraham, Data collection member, Adrienne D. Davis, Aaron Campigotto, Jesse Papenburg, Kissoon Niranjan, Stephen Betschel, Manish Sadarangani, Michelle A. Barton-Forbes, Michaela Hanley, Chun Yiu Jordan Fung, Elisa Lapadula, Georgia MacDonald, M. Puopolo, Deepanjali Kaushik, Konika Nirmalanathan, Iris L. K. Wong, Zeeshan Khan, Natasha Zarei, Maria Michalowska, Bhavi P. Modi, Pourshahnazari Persia, Antonio Estacio, Megan Buchholz, Patti Lou Cheatley, Miranda Lorenti, Nowrin F. Aman, Vitaliy Matveev, Patrick Budylowski, Admin team member, Julia Upton, Shaun K. Morris, Tracy Boyd, Sunakshi Chowdhary, Selina Casalino, Gregory Morgan, Chloe Mighton, Allison McGeer, Tony Mazzulli, Shelley McLeod, Alexandra Binnie, Hanna Faghfoury, Howard Chertkow, Hilary Racher, Mihaela Anca Serbanescu, Katerina Pavenski, Michael J. Esser, Graham C. Thompson, Jo-Anne Herbrick, Analysis team lead, Christopher R. Gignoux, Data collection lead, Stephen J. Wicks, Kristy Crooks, Admin team lead, Kathleen C. Barnes, Analysis team member, Michelle Daya, Jonathan Shortt, Nicholas Rafaels, Sameer Chavan, COMRI/Virology Study, Analysis team lead, Andrea Ganna, Data collection lead, Thomas G. Schulze, Admin team lead, Eva C. Schulte, Analysis team member, Urs Heilbronner, Sergi Papiol, Andrea Corbetta, Data collection member, Clemens‐Martin Wendtner, Christoph D. Spinner, Johanna Erber, Jochen Schneider, Christof Winter, Jens Wiltfang, Monika Budde, Fanny Senner, János Kálmán, Admin team member, Ulrike Protzer, Nikola S. Mueller, Covid19 Ioannina Biobank, Analysis team lead, Abdou Mousas, Data collection lead, Angelos Liontos, Eirini Christaki, Admin team lead, Haralampos Milionis, Konstantinos K. Tsilidis, Analysis team member, Alexandros‐Georgios Asimakopoulos, Afroditi Kanellopoulou, Georgios Markozannes, Data collection member, Dimitrios Biros, Orestis Milionis, S Tsourlos, Lazaros Athanasiou, Nikolaos-Gavriil Kolios, Christiana Pappa, Alexandros Papathanasiou, Eleni Pargana, Maria Nasiou, Maria Kosmidou, Iro Rapti, Evangelos Ntotsikas, Konstantinos Chaliasos, Evangelia Ntzani, Εvangelos Εvangelou, Konstantina Gartzonika, Ioannis Georgiou, Ioanna Tzoulaki, COVID19-Host(a)ge, Analysis team lead, David Ellinghaus, Frauke Degenhardt, Mario Cáceres, Simonas Juzėnas, Tobias L. Lenz, Data collection lead, Agustı́n Albillos, Antonio Julià, Daniele Prati, Erik Solligård, Féderico García, Florian Tran, Frank Hanses, Guido Baselli, Heinz Zoller, Jan Cato Holter, Javier Fernández, Jordi Barretina, Luca Valenti, Luís Bujanda, Manuel Romero-Gómez, Marı́a Buti, Mauro D’Amato, Jesús M. Bañales, Philip Rosenstiel, Philipp Koehler, Pietro Invernizzi, Rafael de Cid, Rosanna Asselta, Stefan Schreiber, Stefano Duga, Ute Hehr, Admin team lead, André Franke, Douglas Maya‐Miles, Johannes R. Hov, Tom H. Karlsen, Trine Folseraas, Analysis team member, Ana Teles, Anja Tanck, Christoph Gassner, Clinton Azuure, Eike Matthias Wacker, Florian Uellendahl-Werth, Georg Hemmrich‐Stanisak, Hesham ElAbd, Jan Christian Kässens, Jatin Arora, Jon Lerga-Jaso, Lars Wienbrandt, Malte Rühlemann, Mareike Wendorff, Maria E. Figuera Basso, May Sissel Vadla, Michael Wittig, Nicole Braun, Ole Bernt Lenning, Onur Özer, Ronny Myhre, Soumya Raychaudhuri, Tanja Wesse, Wolfgang Albrecht, Xiaoli Yi, Data collection member, Aaron Blandino Ortíz, Adolfo de Salazar, Adolfo Garrido Chercoles, Adriana Palom, Agustı́n Ruiz, Alba-Estela Garcia-Fernandez, Albert Blanco‐Grau, Alberto Mantovani, Aleksander Rygh Holten, Alessandra Bandera, Alessandro Cherubini, Alessandro Protti, Alessio Aghemo, Alessio Gerussi, Alfredo Ramı́rez, Almut Nebel, Ana Barreira, Ana Lleò, Anders Benjamin Kildal, Andrea Biondi, Andrea Caballero-Garralda, Andrea Gori, Andreas Glück, Andreas Lind, Anna Carreras Nolla, Anna Latiano, Anna Ludovica Fracanzani, Anna Peschuck, Annalisa Cavallero, Anne Ma Dyrhol‐Riise, Antonella Ruello, Antonio Muscatello, Antonio Voza, Ariadna Rando‐Segura, Aurora Solier, Beatriz Cortés, Beatriz Mateos, Beatriz Nafría-Jiménez, Benedikt Schaefer, Carla Bellinghausen, Carlos Ferrando, Carmen de la Horra, Carmen Quereda, Chiara Scollo, Christoph Lange, Cinzia Hu, Cinzia Paccapelo, Claudio Angelini, Claudio Cappadona, Cristiana Bianco, Cristina Cea, Cristina Sancho, Dag Arne Lihaug Hoff, Daniela Galimberti, David Haschka, David Jiménez, David Pestaña, David Toapanta, Eduardo Muñiz‐Díaz, Elena Azzolini, Elena Sandoval, Eleonora Binatti, Elio Scarpini, Elisabetta Casalone, Eloísa Urrechaga, Elvezia Maria Paraboschi, Emanuele Pontali, Enric Reverter, Enrique J. Calderón, Enrique Navas, Ernesto Contro, Eunate Arana‐Arri, Fátima Aziz, Félix García Sánchez, Ferruccio Ceriotti, Filippo Martinelli Boneschi, Flora Peyvandi, Francesco Blasi, Francesco Malvestiti, Francisco J. Medrano, Francisco Mesonero, Francisco Rodríguez‐Frias, Fredrik Müller, Giacomo Bellani, Antonio Artigas, Alberto Zanella, Giacomo Grasselli, Gianni Pezzoli, Giorgio Costantino, Giovanni Albano, Giulia Cardamone, Giuseppe Bellelli, Giuseppe Citerio, Giuseppe Foti, Giuseppe Lamorte, Giuseppe Matullo, Hayato Kurihara, Holger Neb, Ilaria My, Isabel Hernández, Itziar de Rojas, Iván Galván‐Femenía, Jan Egil Afset, Jan Heyckendorf, Jan Kristian Damås, Javier Ampuero, Javier Martı́n, Jeanette Erdmann, Joan R. Badia, Joaquı́n Dopazo, Jonas Bergan, José Hernández‐Quero, Josune Goikoetxea, Juan Delgado, Juan M. Guerrero, Kari Risnes, Karina Banasik, Karl Erik Müller, Karoline I. Gaede, Koldo García‐Etxebarria, Kristian Tonby, Lars Heggelund, Laura Rachele Bettini, Lauro Sumoy, Leonardo Terranova, Lise Tuset Gustad, Lucia Garbarino, Luigi Santoro, Luís Téllez, Luisa Roade, Mahnoosh Ostadreza, Maider Intxausti, Manolis Kogevinas, Mar Riveiro‐Barciela, Marco Schaefer, María A. Gutiérrez-Stampa, Maria Carrabba, Maria Grazia Valsecchi, María Hernandez-Tejero, Maria J. G. T. Vehreschild, Maria Manunta, Marialbert Acosta‐Herrera, Mariella D’Angiò, Marina Baldini, Marina Elena Cazzaniga, Marta Marquié, Massimo Castoldi, Maurizio Cecconi, Melissa Tomasi, Merçé Boada, Michael Joannidis, Michela Mazzocco, Michele Ciccarelli, Miguel Ángel Rodríguez-Gandía, Monica Bocciolone, Monica Miozzo, Natale Imaz Ayo, Natàlia Blay, Natalia Chueca, Nicola Montano, Nilda Martínez, Oliver A. Cornely, Orazio Palmieri, Paola Faverio, Paoletta Preatoni, Paolo Bonfanti, Paolo Omodei, Paolo Tentorio, Pedro Castro, Pedro M. Rodrigues, Laura Izquierdo‐Sánchez, Pedro Pablo España, Per Hoffmann, Petra Bächer, Raúl de Pablo, Ricard Ferrer, Roberta Gualtierotti, Rocío Gallego‐Durán, Rosa Nieto, Rossana Carpani, Rubén Morilla, Salvatore Badalamenti, Sammra Haider, Sandra Ciesek, Sara Bombace, Sara Marsal, Sebastian Klein, Serena Pelusi, Sibylle Wilfling, Siegfried Goerg, Silvano Bòsari, Søren Brunak, Stefanie Heilmann‐Heimbach, Stefano Aliberti, Susanne Dudman, Tenghao Zheng, Thomas Bahmer, Tomàs Pumarola, Trinidad González Cejudo, Valeria Rimoldi, Valter Monzani, Vegard Skogen, Vicente Friaza, Víctor Andrade, Vı́ctor Moreno, Wolfgang Peter, Xavier Farré, Yascha Khodamoradi, Admin team member, Marit M. Grimsrud, Sandra May, Covid19hg-CL, Data collection lead, Alicia Colombo, Monardes-Ramírez A. Virginia, Cristina Dorador, Macarena Fuentes‐Guajardo, Andrea X. Silva, Yolanda Espinosa‐Parrilla, Admin team lead, Ricardo A. Verdugo, Analysis team member, Cristian E. Yáñez, Rocío Retamales-Ortega, Juan M. Saez Hidalgo, Data collection member, Eduardo A. Tobar-Calfucoy, Laura Carvajal-Silva, Matías F. Martínez, Leslie C. Cerpa, Muñoz A. Christian, Claudio Cappelli, Hector Valenzuela-Jorquera, Daniela Zapata‐Contreras, Paula Zúñiga-Pacheco, Estefanía Nova‐Lamperti, Sergio Sanhueza, Gerardo Donoso, Pamela Bocchieri, Pia Kochifas, Admin team member, Luis A. Quiñones, Analysis team lead, Karina Banasik, Data collection lead, Ole Birger Pedersen, Analysis team member, Frank Geller, David Westergaard, Celia Burgos Sequeros, Data collection member, Janna Nissen, Susanne Dam Nielsen, Ulla Feldt‐Rasmussen, Sofie Bliddal, Kirsten Grønbæk, Admin team member, Henrik Ullum, Sisse Rye Ostrowski, Bjarke Feenstra, Egypt hgCOVID hub, Analysis team lead, Data collection lead, Doaa Shahin, Admin team lead, Ali Sobh, Ashraf Shoma, Analysis team member, Andrea Corbetta, Lindokuhle Nkambul, Data collection member, Tamer Elhadidy, Mohamed S. Abd Elghafar, Jehan J. El‐Jawhari, Attia A. S. Mohamed, Marwa H. Elnagdy, Amr Samir, Mahmoud Abdel-Aziz, Walid T. Khafaga, Walaa M. El-Lawaty, Mohamed Torky, Mohamed El‐Shanshory, Ahmed Elzeiny, Amal E. Rashad, Tamer Mansour, Admin team member, Amr M. Yassen, M. Hegazy, Kamal Okasha, Mohammed Eid, Moahmed S. Hanteera, EraCORE, Analysis team lead, Carolina Medina‐Gómez, Data collection lead, M. Arfan Ikram, Admin team lead, André G. Uitterlinden, FinnGen, Admin team lead, Analysis team member, Samuli Ripatti, Bradley Jermy, Sanni Ruotsalainen, Data collection member, Kati Kristiansson, Sami Koskelainen, Markus Perola, Kati Donner, Katja Kivinen, Aarno Palotie, Admin team member, Mari Kaunisto, French hgCOVID, Analysis team lead, Hanna Julienne, Data collection lead, Hugues Aschard, Jean‐François Deleuze, Stéphanie Debette, David‐Alexandre Trégouët, Laurent Abel, Analysis team member, Léo Henches, Edith Lefloch, Dandine-Roulland Claire, Data collection member, Anavaj Sakuntabhai, Thomas Bourgeron, Robert Olaso, Delphine Daian, Isabelle Pellegrin, Jean‐Laurent Casanova, Aurélie Cobat, Emmanuelle Jouanguy, Qian Zhang, Jade Ghosn, France Mentré, Cédric Laouenan, Sarah Tubiana, Catherine Chirouze, Lluís Quintana‐Murci, Étienne Patin, Darragh Duffy, Admin team member, Anne Boland, GCAT. Genomes For Life, Analysis team lead, Rafael de Cid, Data collection lead, Jordi Barretina, Anna Carreras, Vı́ctor Moreno, Manolis Kogevinas, Analysis team member, Iván Galván‐Femenía, Natàlia Blay, Xavier Farré, Lauro Sumoy, Data collection member, Beatriz Cortés, Josep M. Mercader, Marta Guindo-Martínez, David Torrents, Judith García‐Aymerich, Gemma Castaño‐Vinyals, Carlota Dobaño, Genes & Health, Analysis team lead, David A. van Heel, Data collection lead, Karen A. Hunt, Admin team lead, Richard C. Trembath, Analysis team member, Benjamin M. Jacobs, Qin Qin Huang, Hilary C. Martin, Data collection member, Dan Mason, Bhavi Trivedi, John Wright, Malathy Munisamy, Admin team member, David A. van Heel, Karen A. Hunt, Sarah Finer, Chris Griffiths, Genetic influences on severity of COVID-19 illness in Korea, Analysis team lead, Mark I. McCarthy, Carrie M. Rosenberger, Data collection lead, Jong Eun Lee, Analysis team member, Diana Chang, Christian Hammer, Julie Hunkapiller, Anubha Mahajan, Rion Pendergrass, Lara E. Sucheston‐Campbell, Brian L. Yaspan, Data collection member, Hyunsoo Lee, Eun‐Soon Shin, Hye Yoon Jang, Sunmie Kim, Sungmin Kym, Kim Ys, Hyeongseok Jeong, Ki Tae Kwon, Shin‐Woo Kim, Jin Yong Kim, Young Rock Jang, Hyun Ah Kim, Ji yeon Lee, Jeong Eun Lee, Shinwon Lee, Kang Won Choe, Yu Min Kang, Sun Ha Jee, Keum Ji Jung, Hyun‐Young Park, Bong-Jo Kim, Young Jin Kim, Mi Yeong Hwang, Kyungheon Yoon, GenOMICC, Analysis team lead, Erola Pairo‐Castineira, Konrad Rawlik, Mark J. Caulfield, Data collection lead, J. Kenneth Baillie, Admin team lead, Fiona Griffiths, Analysis team member, Andrew D. Bretherick, Alexander Stuckey, Christopher A. Odhams, Susan Walker, Clark D Russell, Tomas Malinauskas, Yang Wu, Xia Shen, Katherine S. Elliott, Kirstie Morrice, Seán Keating, Bo Wang, Daniel R. Rhodes, Lucija Klarić, Marie Zechner, Nick Parkinson, Angie Fawkes, Lee Murphy, Véronique Vitart, James F. Wilson, Jian Yang, Richard H. Scott, Loukas Moutsianas, Andy Law, Data collection member, Colin B. Begg, Sara Clohisey, Charles Hinds, Peter Horby, Julian C. Knight, Lowell Ling, David M. Maslove, Danny McAuley, Johnny Millar, Hugh Montgomery, Alistair Nichol, Peter Openshaw, Alexandre C. Pereira, Chris P. Ponting, Kathy Rowan, Malcolm G. Semple, Manu Shankar‐Hari, Charlotte Summers, Timothy Walsh, Jacqueline Pan, Neus Grau, Tim Jones, Rosario Lim, Martina Marotti, R. Chris Whitton, Aneta Bociek, Sara Campos, Gill Arbane, Marlies Ostermann, Mina Cha, Fabiola DAmato, Eirini Kosifidou, Shelley Lorah, Kyma Morera, Laura Brady, Keith Hugill, Jeremy Henning, Stephen Bonner, Evie Headlam, Jessica Jones, A. List, J Morley, Amy Welford, Bobette Kamangu, Anitha Ratnakumar, Abiola Shoremekun, Zoe Alldis, Raine Astin-Chamberlain, Fatima Bibi, Jack Biddle, Sarah Blow, Matthew L. Bolton, Catherine Borra, Ruth Bowles, Maudrian Burton, Yasmin Choudhury, Amber Cox, Amy Easthope, Patrizia Ebano, Stavros Fotiadis, Jana Gurasashvili, Rosslyn Halls, Pippa Hartridge, Delordson Kallon, Jamila Kassam, Ivone Lancoma-Malcolm, Maninderpal Matharu, P. May, Oliver Mitchelmore, Tabitha Newman, Mital Patel, Jane Pheby, Irene Pinzuti, Zoe Prime, Oleksandra Prysyazhna, Julian Shiel, Melanie Taylor, Carey Tierney, Olivier Zongo, S. M. Wood, Anne Zak, David Collier, Manuela Mundy, C. C. Thompson, Lisa Pritchard, Minnie Gellamucho, David Cartlidge, Nageswar Bandla, Lucy Bailey, Michelle Davies, Jane Delaney, Leanne Scott, Marwa Abdelrazik, Frater Alasdair, David Carter, Munzir Elhassan, Arunkumar Ganesan, Samuel Jenkins, Zoe Lamond, Dharam Purohit, Kumar Rohit, Malik Saleem, Alanna Wall, Kugan Xavier, D Bakthavatsalam, Kirolos Gehad, Pakeerathan Gnanapragasam, Kapil Jain, Swati Jain, Abdul Malik, Naveen Pappachan, Jerónimo Moreno-Cuesta, Anne Haldeos, Rachel Vincent, Maryjane Oziegb, Anna Cavazza, Maeve Cockrell, Eleanor Corcoran, Maria Depante, Clare Finney, Ellen Jerome, Abigail Knighton, Monalisa Nayak, Evita Pappa, Rohit Saha, Sian Saha, Andrew Dodd, Kevin O’Reilly, Mark McPhail, Emma Clarey, Harriet Noble, John Smith, Phoebe Coghlan, Stephen J. Brett, Anthony Gordon, Maie Templeton, David Antcliffe, Dorota Banach, Sarah Darnell, Ziortza Fernandez, Eleanor Jepson, Amal Mohammed, Roceld Rojo, Sonia Sousa Arias, Anita Gurung, Jenny Wong, Jaime Fernandez-Roman, David Hamilton, Emily Johnson, Brian Johnston, Maria Lopez Martinez, Suleman Mulla, Alicia Waite, Karen Williams, Victoria Waugh, Ingeborg Welters, Jessica Emblem, Maria Norris, David Shaw, Archana Bashyal, Sally Beer, Paula Hutton, Stuart McKechnie, Neil Davidson, Soya Mathew, Grace Readion, Jung Hee Ryu, Jean Amos Wilson, Shruti Agrawal, Kay Elston, Megan Jones, Eoghan Meaney, Petra Polgarova, Muhammad Elbehery, Esther Daubney, Anthony Ng, Jocelyn R. Marshall, Nazima Pathan, Katerina Stroud, Deborah L. White, Angela Andrew, Saima Ashraf, Amy Clark, Martin Dent, Margaret Langley, Cecilia Peters, Lucy Ryan, Julia Sampson, Shuying Wei, Alice Baddeley, Megan Meredith, Lucy Morris, Alexandra Gibbons, Lisa McLoughlin, Carlos Castro Delgado, Victoria Clark, Deborah Dawson, Lijun Ding, Georgia Durrant, Obiageri Ezeobu, Abiola Harrison, William James Hurt, Rebecca Kanu, Ashley Kinch, Susannah Leaver, Ana Lisboa, Jisha Mathew, Kamal Patel, Romina Pepermans Saluzzio, John Rawlins, Tinashe Samakomva, Nirav R. Shah, Christine Sicat, Joana Texeira, Joana Gomes De Queiroz, Edna Fernandes Da Gloria, Elena Maccacari, Nikki Yun, Soumendu Manna, Sarah Farnell-Ward, Maria Maizcordoba, Maria Thanasi, Hawakin Haji Ali, Janice Hastings, Lina Grauslyte, Musarat Hussain, Bobby Ruge, Sam King, Tatiana Pogreban, Lace Rosaroso, Helen Smith, Mandeep-Kaur Phull, Nikkita Adams, George R. Franke, Aparna George, Erika Šalčiūtė, Joanna Wong, Karen Dunne, Luke Flower, Emma Sharland, Sukhmani Sra, Gillian Andrew, Marie Callaghan, Lucy Barclay, Lucy Marshall, Maria Amamio, Sophie Birch, Kate Briton, Sarah Clark, Katerine Doverman, Dave Hope, Corrienne McCulloch, Scott Simpson, Jo Singleton, Rita Fernandez, Meryem Allen, David Baptista, Rebecca Crowe, Jonathan Fox, Jacyntha Khera, Adam Loveridge, India McKenley, Eriko Morino, Andrés Naranjo, Denise O’Connor, Richard Simms, Kathryn Sollesta, Andrew Swain, Harish Venkatesh, Rosie Herdman-Grant, Anna Joseph, Angela Nown, Steve Rose, David Pogson, Helen Boxall, Lutece Brimfield, Helen Claridge, Zoe Daly, S George, Andrew Gribbin, Yusuf Cheema, Sean Cutler, Owen Richards, Anna Roynon-Reed, Shiney Cherian, Anne Emma Heron, Gemma Williams, Tamás Szakmány, Abby Waters, Kim Collins, Jill Dunhill, F. Burton Jones, Rebecca Morris, Lucy Ship, Amy Cardwell, Syamlan Ali, Ravi Bhatterjee, Rachel Bolton, Srikanth Chukkambotla, Dabheoc Coleman, Jack Dalziel, Joseph Dykes, Christopher Fine, Bethan Gay, Wendy Goddard, Drew Goodchild, Rhiannan Harling, Muhammad Hijazi, Sarah Keith, Meherunnisa Khan, Roseanna Matt, Janet Ryan-Smith, Samuel Saad, Philippa Springle, Jacqueline Thomas, Nick Truman, Aayesha Kazi, Matthew Smith, Heather Collier, Chloe Davison, Stephen Duberley, Jeanette Hargreaves, Janice Hartley, Tahera Patel, Elizabeth Smith, Alissa Kent, Emma C. Goodwin, Ahmed F. Zaki, Clare Tibke, Susan Hopkins, Hywel Gerrard, Matthew Jackson, Sara E. Bennett, Liane Marsh, Rebecca Mills, Jessica Bell, Helen Campbell, Angela Dawson, Steve Dodds, Stacey Duffy, Lisa G. Gallagher, Gemma McCafferty, Stacey Short, Tracy Smith, Kirsty Thomas, Claire Walker, Jessica Reynolds, Bryan Yates, Hayley McKie, Maria Panteli, Maria Thompson, Gail Waddell, Sarah De Beger, Azmerelda Abraheem, Charlie Dunmore, Rumanah Girach, Rhianna Jones, Emily London, Imrun Nagra, Farah Nasir, Hannah Sainsbury, Clare Smedley, Stephen Brearey, Caroline Burchett, Kathryn Cawley, Maria Faulkner, Helen Jeffrey, Peter Bamford, Firdaus Shaikh, Lauren Slack, Angela M. Davies, Hollie Brooke, Jose Cebrian Suarez, Ruth Charlesworth, Karen Hansson, John W. Norris, Alice Poole, Rajdeep Sandhu, Elizabeth Smithson, Muthu Thirumaran, Veronica Wagstaff, Sarah Buckley, Brendan Sloan, Alastair Rose, Amy Major, Alexandra Metcalfe, Christine Almaden-Boyle, Pauline Austin, Susan Chapman, Alexandre Eros, Louise Cabrelli, Stephen Cole, Clare Whyte, Matt Casey, Vasileios Bafitis, George Tsinaslanidis, Cassandra George, Reena Khade, Christopher B. 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Hawcutt, Jonathan Aldridge, Melanie Tolson, Sweyn Garrioch, Joanne Tomlinson, Michael Grosdenier, David Loader, Ritoo Kapoor, Gemma Hector, Joslan Scherewode, Chunda Sri-Chandana, Lorraine Stephenson, Sarah Marsh, Arnold Dela Rosa, Shaman Jhanji, Thomas Bemand, Ryan Howle, Ravishankar Rao Baikady, Benjamin Thomas, Ethel Black, Kate Tatham, Sambasivarao Gurram, Ekaterina Watson, Sheena Quaid, Anne Saunderson, Rachel O’Brien, Sam Moultrie, Jen Service, Clare Cheyne, Miranda Odam, Alison Wiliams, Nicky Barnes, Péter Csábi, Joana Da Rocha, Louika Glynou, Amy Huffenberger, Jade Bryant, Amy Pickard, Nicholas Roe, Arianna Bellini, Anton Mayer, Amy Burrow, N. Colley, Jayne Evans, Alex Howlett, Zeinab Khalifeh, Jerldine Pryce, Claire Gorman, Rebecca Brady, Elizabeth Timlick, Pierre Antoine, Abhinhav Gupta, John Hardy, Henry Houlden, Eleanor Moncur, Arianna Tucci, Ambreen Tariq, Emma Tagliavini, Becky Ramsay, Katy Fidler, Kevin Donnelly, Rebecca Hollis, Jocelyn Barr, E. Boyd, Val Irvine, Ben Shelley, Julie A. Buckley, Charlene Hamilton, Kathryn Valdeavella, Sarah Bircham, Steven Liggett, Anand Patil, Admin team member, Afshan Siddiq, Peter Goddard, Sally Donovan, Tala Zainy, F. Maleady-Crowe, Linda Todd, Shahla Salehi, Greg Elgar, G. C. Chan, Prabhu Arumugam, Christine Patch, Augusto Rendon, David Bentley, Clare Kingsley, Tom Fowler, Paul Elliott, Albert Tenesa, Emma Aitkin, Latha Aravindan, Ruth Armstrong, Heather Biggs, Ceilia Boz, Adam Brown, Primmy Chikowore, Richard Clark, Audrey Coutts, J. Terrence Coyle, Louise Cullum, Sukamal Das, Nicky Day, Lorna Donnelly, Esther Duncan, Paul Finernan, Max Head Fourman, Anita Furlong, James Furniss, Bernadette Gallagher, Tammy Gilchrist, Ailsa Golightly, Katarzyna Hafezi, Debbie Hamilton, Ross Hendry, Naomi Kearns, Dawn Law, R. M. Law, Sarah Law, Rebecca Lidstone-Scott, Christen Lauder, Louise MacGillivray, Alan Maclean, Hanning Mal, Sarah McCafferty, Ellie Mcmaster, Jen Meikle, Shona C. Moore, Sheena Murphy, Hellen Mybaya, Miranda Odam, Wilna Oosthuyzen, Chenqing Zheng, Jiantao Chen, Trevor Paterson, Petra Tucker, Katherine Schon, Andrew Stenhouse, Mihaela Das, Maaike Swets, Helen Szoor-McElhinney, Filip Taneski, Lance Turtle, Tony Wackett, Mairi Ward, Jane Weaver, Nicola Wrobel, Genotek COVID-19 study, Analysis team lead, Alexander Rakitko, Admin team lead, Valery Ilinsky, Analysis team member, Danat Yermakovich, Iaroslav Popov, Alexander Chernitsov, Elena Kovalenko, Ekaterina Vergasova, Alexandr Prokhorov, Anna Krasnenko, Nikolay Plotnikov, И.Ф. Стеценко, Anna Kim, Helix Exome+ COVID-19 Phenotypes, Analysis team lead, Elizabeth T. Cirulli, Analysis team member, Kelly M. Schiabor Barrett, Alexandre Bolze, Simon White, Nicole Washington, James T. Lu, Data collection member, Stephen Riffle, Francisco Tanudjaja, Xueqing Wang, Jimmy M. Ramirez, Nicole Leonetti, Efren Sandoval, Iva Neveux, Shaun Dabe, Joseph J. Grzymski, Host Genetic Factors for COVID-19 Severity and Outcome in Western Indian Population, Analysis team lead, Madhvi Joshi, Data collection lead, Raghav D. Dixit, Pranay K. Shah, Kamlesh J. Upadhyay, Naresh T. Chuhan, Kairavi Desai, Meenakshi R. Shah, Bhavesh Modi, Admin team lead, Chaitanya G. Joshi, Analysis team member, Ramesh Pandit, Indra Singh, Afzal Ansari, Data collection member, Janvi Raval, Zarna Patel, Host Genetics in COVID Cohorts of Mixed ancestry from Mexico, Analysis team lead, Andrés Moreno‐Estrada, Data collection lead, Joel Armando Vázquez-Pérez, Manuel Castillejos‐López, Arnoldo Aquino‐Gálvez, Teresa Shamah‐Levy, María C. Ávila-Arcos, María Teresa Tusié Luna, Alfredo Hidalgo‐Miranda, Analysis team member, Carmina Barberena-Jonas, Consuelo D. Quinto-Cortés, Marco Antonio Ávila-Arcos, Alicia Huerta‐Chagoya, Data collection member, Lourdes García‐García, Jesús Martínez Barnetche, Celia Alpuche‐Aranda, Juan Á. Rivera, Tonatiuh Barrientos Gutiérrez, Ana Ochoa-Guzmán, María Luisa Ordóñez-Sánchez, Yayoi Segura-Kato, Luis A. Herrera, Alfredo Mendoza-Vargas, Juan Pablo Reyes‐Grajeda, Alonso Cruz‐Cruz, Rafael Velázquez‐Cruz, Luz María Torres‐Espíndola, Martha Patricia Sierra-Vargas, Ángel Camarena, Vı́ctor Ruiz, Jaime Chávez, María Esther Jaime-Capetillo, Cristóbal Guadarrama-Pérez, Joaquı́n Zúñiga, Alejandra Olivera-Ramírez, Miguel Angel López Martínez, Ricardo Serna-Muñoz, Admin team member, Adriana Garmendia, Japan Coronavirus Taskforce, Analysis team lead, Ho Namkoong, Yukinori Okada, Seiya Imoto, Data collection lead, Kazuhiko Katayama, Koichi Fukunaga, Yuko Kitagawa, Toshiro Sato, Naoki Hasegawa, Atsushi Kumanogoh, Akinori Kimura, Masumi Ai, Katsushi Tokunaga, Admin team lead, Takanori Kanai, Satoru Miyano, Seishi Ogawa, Analysis team member, Ryuya Edahiro, Kyuto Sonehara, Yuya Shirai, Masahiro Kanai, Data collection member, Makoto Ishii, Hiroki Kabata, Katsunori Masaki, Hirofumi Kamata, Shinnosuke Ikemura, Shotaro Chubachi, Satoshi Okamori, Hideki Terai, Hiromu Tanaka, Atsuho Morita, Ho Lee, Takanori Asakura, Junichi Sasaki, Hiroshi Morisaki, Yoshifumi Uwamino, Kosaku Nanki, Yohei Mikami, Kazunori Tomono, Kazuto Kato, Fumihiko Matsuda, Meiko Takahashi, Nobuyuki Hizawa, Yoshito Takeda, Haruhiko Hirata, Takayuki Shiroyama, Satoru Miyawaki, Ken Suzuki, Yuichi Maeda, Takuro Nii, Yoshimi Noda, Takayuki Niitsu, Yuichi Adachi, Takatoshi Enomoto, Saori Amiya, Reina Hara, Kunihiko Takahashi, Tatsuhiko Anzai, Takanori Hasegawa, Satoshi Ito, Ryuji Koike, Akifumi Endo, Yuji Uchimura, Yasunari Miyazaki, Takayuki Honda, Tomoya Tateishi, Shuji Tohda, Naoya Ichimura, Kazunari Sonobe, Chihiro Tani Sassa, Jun Nakajima, Yasuhito Nannya, Yosuke Omae, Kazuhisa Takahashi, Norihiro Harada, Makoto Hiki, Haruhi Takagi, Ai Nakamura, Etsuko Tagaya, Masatoshi Kawana, Ken Arimura, Takashi Ishiguro, Noboru Takayanagi, Taisuke Isono, Yotaro Takaku, Kenji Takano, Ryusuke Anan, Yukiko Nakajima, Yasushi Nakano, Kazumi Nishio, Soichiro Ueda, Reina Hayashi, Hiroki Tateno, Isano Hase, Shuichi Yoshida, Shoji Suzuki, Keiko Mitamura, Fumitake Saito, Tetsuya Ueda, Masanori Azuma, Tadao Nagasaki, Yoshinori Yasui, Yoshinori Hasegawa, Yoshikazu Mutoh, Takashi Yoshiyama, Tomohisa Shoko, Mitsuaki Kojima, Tomohiro Adachi, Motonao Ishikawa, Kenichiro Takahashi, Kazuyoshi Watanabe, Tadashi Manabe, Fumimaro Ito, Takahiro Fukui, Yohei Funatsu, Hidefumi Koh, Yoshihiro Hirai, Hidetoshi Kawashima, Atsuya Narita, Kazuki Niwa, Yoshiyuki Sekikawa, Fukuki Saito, Kazuhisa Yoshiya, Tomoyuki Yoshihara, Yusuke Suzuki, Sohei Nakayama, Keita Masuzawa, Koichi Nishi, Masaru Nishitsuji, Maiko Tani, Takashi Inoue, Toshiyuki Hirano, Keigo Kobayashi, Naoki Miyazawa, Yasuhiro Kimura, Reiko Sado, Takashi Ogura, Hideya Kitamura, Kota Murohashi, Ichiro Nakachi, Rie Baba, Daisuke Arai, Satoshi Fuke, Hiroshi Saito, Naota Kuwahara, Akiko Fujiwara, Takenori Okada, Tomoya Baba, Junya Noda, Shuko Mashimo, Kazuma Yagi, Tetsuya Shiomi, Mizuha Hashiguchi, Toshio Odani, Takao Mochimaru, Yoshitaka Oyamada, N. Môri, Namiki Izumi, Kaoru Nagata, Reiko Taki, Koji Murakami, Mitsuhiro Yamada, Hisatoshi Sugiura, Kentarō Hayashi, Tetsuo Shimizu, Yasuhiro Gon, Shigeki Fujitani, Tomoya Tsuchida, Toru Yoshida, Takashi Kagaya, Toshiyuki Kita, Satoru Sakagami, Yoshifumi Kimizuka, Akihiko Kawana, Yoshihiko Nakamura, Hiroyasu Ishikura, Tohru Takata, Takahide Kikuchi, Daisuke Taniyama, Morio Nakamura, Nobuhiro Kodama, Yasunari Kaneyama, Shunsuke Maeda, Yoji Nagasaki, Masaki Okamoto, Sayoko Ishihara, Akihiro Ito, Yusuke Chihara, Mayumi Takeuchi, Keisuke Onoi, Naozumi Hashimoto, Keiko Wakahara, Akira Ando, Makoto Masuda, Aya Wakabayashi, Hiroki Watanabe, Hisako Sageshima, Taka‐aki Nakada, Ryuzo Abe, Tadanaga Shimada, Kodai Kawamura, Kazuya Ichikado, Kenta Nishiyama, Masaki Yamasaki, Satoru Hashimoto, Yu Kusaka, Takehiko Ohba, Susumu Isogai, Minoru Takada, Hidenori Kanda, Yuko Komase, Fumiaki Sano, Koichiro Asano, Tsuyoshi Oguma, Masahiro Harada, Takeshi Takahashi, Takayuki Shibusawa, Shinji Abe, Yuta Kono, Yuki Togashi, Takehiro Izumo, Minoru Inomata, Nobuyasu Awano, Shinichi Ogawa, Tomouki Ogata, Shoichiro Ishihara, Arihiko Kanehiro, Shinji Ozaki, Yasuko Fuchimoto, Yuichiro Kitagawa, Shozo Yoshida, Shinji Ogura, Kei Nishiyama, Kousuke Yoshida, Satoru Beppu, Satoru Fukuyama, Yoshihiro Eriguchi, Akiko Yonekawa, Yoshiaki Inoue, Kunihiro Yamagata, Shigeru Chiba, Osamu Narumoto, Hideaki Nagai, Nobuharu Ooshima, Mitsuru Motegi, Hironori Sagara, Akihiko Tanaka, Shin Ohta, Yoko Shibata, Yoshinori Tanino, Yuki Sato, Yuichiro Yamada, Takuya Hashino, Masato Shinoki, Hajime Iwagoe, Tomonori Imamura, Akira Umeda, Hisato Shimada, Mayu Endo, Shinichi Hayashi, Mai Takahashi, Shigefumi Nakano, Masakiyo Yatomi, Toshitaka Maeno, Tomoo Ishii, Mitsuyoshi Utsugi, Akihiro Ono, Kensuke Kanaoka, Shôichi Ihara, Kiyoshi Komuta, Japan NCGM-COVID19, Analysis team lead, Analysis team member, Nao Nishida, Yosuke Kawai, Masaya Sugiyama, Jordan COVID-19 Host Genomics Initiative (JCHGI), Admin team lead, Laith M. Alawneh, Data collection member, Kinda B. Maswadeh, Fatima S. Alsoub, Tala J. AlRawashdeh, Ezaldeen Esawi, Bayan O. Abu Alragheb, Ahmad Maswadeh, Abdulfattah Al-Kadash, Abdallah Al‐Ani, Dana B. Alsafadi, Mohammad A. Shahin, Nuseibah Al Qtaish, Fade Alawneh, Joseph A. Abulail, Hadi J. Zhlawi, Tasneem N. Alhousani, Mohammad R. Alzuraiqi, Mohammad M. Al-Ja’afreh, Sara K. Allouzy, Mothafer ALjalamdeh, Tareq M. Mansour, Lina M. Alamer, Ali Issa, Fatima M. Bani younis, Admin team member, Feras Hawari, Wail Hayajneh, Nathir M. Obeidat, Mamoun Ahram, Moh’d Wahib J. Zhlawi, Walhan Alshaer, Malak Al-Kasasbeh, Randa Naffa, Mohammad A. Ismail, Mohammed S. Abdullah, Said I. Ismail, Data collection member, Ma’en Obeidat, Ana I. Hernández Cordero, Don D. Sin, Yohan Bossé, Philippe Joubert, Ke Hao, David C. Nickle, Wim Timens, Maarten van den Berge, Mass General Brigham—Host Vulnerability to COVID-19, Analysis team lead, Yen‐Chen Anne Feng, Josep M. Mercader, Data collection lead, Scott T. Weiss, Elizabeth W. Karlson, Jordan W. Smoller, Shawn N. Murphy, James B. Meigs, Ann E. Woolley, Admin team lead, Robert C. Green, Analysis team member, Ravi Mandla, Philip Schroeder, Data collection member, Emma Perez, MexGen-COVID, Analysis team lead, Seung Hyuk Lee, Data collection lead, Fernando Flores-Silva, Erwin Chiquete, Carlos Cantú‐Brito, José Sifuentes‐Osornio, Alfredo Ponce de León-Garduño, Carla M. Román‐Montes, Emma Chávez‐Manzanera, Donaji Gómez Velasco, Alexandro J. Martagón, Ivette Cruz‐Bautista, Francisco J. Gómez‐Pérez, Claudia Díaz-Olavarrieta, Paloma Almeda Valdés, Linda Liliana Muñóz-Hernández, Roopa Mehta, Daniel Elías-López, Admin team lead, Teresa Tusié‐Luna, Päivi Pajukanta, Analysis team member, Mihir G. Sukhatme, Hortensia Moreno-Macías, Alicia Huerta‐Chagoya, J. F. Loos Ruth, Ana Ochoa-Guzmán, Sebastián González-Behn-Eschenburg, Data collection member, Miguel García‐Grimshaw, Luz Elizabeth Guillén-Pineda, María de los Ángeles Vargas-Martínez, Maribel Rodríguez Zapatero, Rosario Rodríguez-Guillén, María Luisa Ordóñez, Yayoi Segura-Kato, Sandra Rajme‐López, María Fernanda González-Lara, Dalia Luna-Moreno, Jannet de Jesús Suárez López, D. Guillén-Quintero, Juan Vega, Salvador Durán-Coyote, María Teresa Guerra-García, Michelle Durán-Gómez, Alma Poema Vigueras-Hernández, Marco Eduardo Ramírez-Jiménez, Samara Lissete Grajeda-González, Enrique Manuel Ramos-Galicia, Martha Fernanda Ramírez-Carrillo, Juan Fernández-Ruíz, Amanda Chirino‐Pérez, Angel Omar Romero-Molina, David Alejandro Fuentes Zavaleta, María Andrea Jaramillo, Katia Jarely Prieto López, Diego Incontri‐Abraham, Wendy Natalia Rosado, María Alonso Catalán, Sonia Evelyn Vital Aguilar, Ileana Paola Montero Zamudio, Eduardo Ruíz-Ruíz, Kevin de Jesús Carrera García, Cristina Villarreal Guerrero, A. Martinez, Rogelio Moscoso-Sánchez, María del Consuelo Rodríguez Mancilla, Antonio Villa, Samuel Alejandro Luna-Ramírez, Sergio Hernández-Hernández, Erika Frias, Alejandro Campos-Murguía, Paola Alessandra Morales-Sosa, Luis Enrique Toxqui-Merchant, Karla Selene López García, Admin team member, Bogdan Paşaniuc, Manish J. Butte, Daniel H. Geschwind, Carlos A. Aguilar‐Salinas, Pa-COVID-19, Data collection lead, Bettina Heidecker, Florian Kurth, Leif Erik Sander, Data collection member, Carsten Skurk, Ulf Landmesser, Zehra Karadeniz, Xiaomin Wang, Wolfgang Poller, Phillip Suwalski, Stephan Ripke, Alice Braun, Julia Kraft, Alena Mayer, Lena J. Lippert, Elisa T. Helbig, Charlotte Thibeault, Swapnil Awasthi, Qatar Genome Program, Analysis team lead, Hamdi Mbarek, Data collection lead, Said I. Ismail, Analysis team member, Chadi Saad, Yasser Al‐Sarraj, Data collection member, Radja Badji, Wadha Al‐Muftah, Asma Al Thani, Nahla Afifi, SARS-CoV-2 and Host Genome sequencing, Data collection lead, Fouzia Sadiq, Admin team lead, Mohammad I. Khan, Data collection member, Muhammad J. Bhutta, Hania Khan, Madeeha Khan, Quratul Ain, Admin team member, Ayesha Junaid, Ejaz Ahmad Khan, Search for Genomic Markers Predicting the Severity of the response to COVID-19, Analysis team lead, Mateusz Sypniewski, Data collection lead, Adrian Lejman, Analysis team member, Paweł Zawadzki, Elżbieta Kaja, Paweł Sztromwasser, Data collection member, Zbigniew Król, Paula Dobosz, Joanna Stojak, Analysis team lead, Carlos Flores, Ángel Carracedo, Data collection lead, Carlos Aguilar, Eunate Arana‐Arri, María J. Arranz, Raúl C. Baptista‐Rosas, Joao F. Bezerra, Marcos Bezerra, Ramón Brugada, Matilde Bustos, Enrique J. Calderón, Luís Castaño, R. Conde, M. Lourdes Cordero-Lorenzana, Alba De Martino, Elena Domínguez-Garrido, María Carmen Fariñas, Belén Gil-Fournier, Marí­a José Herrero, María Claudia Lattig, Caridad Martín-López, Vicente Martín, Óscar Martínez-Nieto, Iciar Martínez‐López, Juliana F. Mazzeu, Eleuterio Merayo Macías, Víctor Moreno Cuerda, Vivian Nogueira Silbiger, Silviene Fabiana de Oliveira, Mara Parellada, Ney P. C. Santos, Patricia Pérez‐Matute, Patricia Perez, Teresa Perucho, Gloria Liliana Porras-Hurtado, Aurora Pujol, Amanda Fernández‐Rodríguez, María Ángeles Jiménez‐Sousa, Emilio Rodríguez‐Ruiz, Fernando Rodríguez‐Artalejo, José A. Rodríguez‐García, Francisco Ruiz‐Cabello, José Manuel Soria, Eduardo Tamayo, Alejandro Teper, Lilian Torres-Tobar, Miguel Urioste, Zuleima Yáñez, Ruth Zárate, Encarna Guillén‐Navarro, Carmen Ayuso, Anna González‐Neira, José A. Riancho, Augusto Rojas-Martinez, Pablo Lapunzina, Analysis team member, Raquel Cruz, Silvia Diz‐de Almeida, Francisco C. Ceballos, José M. Lorenzo-Salazar, Rafaela González‐Montelongo, Data collection member, Inés Quintela, Guillermo Pita, Manuela Gago-Domínguez, Marta Sevilla Porras, Jair Tenorio, Julián Nevado, José María Aguado, Sergio Aguilera, Virginia Almadana Pacheco, Berta Almoguera, Núria Álvarez, Álvaro Andreu-Bernabeu, Celso Arango, María-Jesús Artiga, María Barreda‐Sánchez, Moncef Belhassen‐García, Lucía Boix-Palop, Marı́a Brión, Cristina Carbonell, Jose E. Castelao, José Luis Cortés-Sánchez, Marta Cortón, M. Teresa Darnaude, Víctor del Campo-Pérez, Aránzazu Díaz de Bustamante, André Ducati Luchessi, Rocío Eirós, Gladys Mercedes Estigarribia Sanabria, Uxía Fernández-Robelo, Tania Fernández‐Villa, Javier Gómez-Arrue, Beatriz González Álvarez, Fernán González Bernaldo de Quirós, Javier González‐Peñas, Juan Francisco Gutiérrez‐Bautista, Antonio Herrero, Anabel Liger Borja, Rosario López‐Rodríguez, Esther Mancebo, Michel F. Martínez‐Reséndez, Ángel Martínez-Pérez, Pablo Mínguez, Eva Ortega‐Paino, Estela Paz‐Artal, M. Elena Pérez-Tomás, Mel·lina Pinsach‐Abuin, Ericka N. Pompa‐Mera, Soraya Ramiro León, Salvador Resino, Marianne Rodrigues Fernandes, Javier Ruiz‐Hornillos, Pablo Ryan, Juan Carlos Souto, Álvaro Tamayo-Velasco, Juan Carlos Taracido‐Fernández, Juan Valencia-Ramos, Admin team member, Miguel López de Heredia, The Danish Blood Donor Study, Analysis team lead, Ole Birger Pedersen, Christian Erikstrup, Sisse Rye Ostrowski, Kari Stefansson, Data collection lead, Susan Mikkelsen, Admin team lead, Erik Sørensen, Analysis team member, C. Escobar Burgos, Steffen Andersen, Kristoffer Brugdorf, Thomas Folkmann Hansen, Henrik Hjalgrim, Gregor B. E. Jemec, Mette Nyegaard, Thomas Werge, Pär I. Johansson, Maria Didriksen, Michael Schwinn, Rikke Louise Jacobsen, Lotte Hindhede, Klaus Rostgaard, Daníel F. Guðbjartsson, Hreinn Stefánsson, Unnur Þorsteinsdóttir, Data collection member, Kaspar René Nielsen, Mie Topholm Bruun, Khoa Manh Dinh, Margit Anita Hørup Larsen, Susanne Gjørup Sækmose, The Genetic Predisposition to severe COVID-19, Analysis team lead, Data collection lead, Hugo Zeberg, Analysis team member, Lindo Nkambul, Data collection member, Robert Frithiof, Michael Hultström, Miklós Lipcsey, Nicolas Tardif, Olav Rooyackers, Jonathan Grip, Tomislav Maričić, Tirschenreuth Study (TiKoco), Analysis team lead, Iris M. Heid, Data collection lead, Ralf Wagner, Klaus Überla, Analysis team member, Thomas W. Winkler, Simon Wiegrebe, Mathias Gorski, Klaus J. Stark, Data collection member, David Peterhoff, Sebastian Einhauser, Hans-Helmut Niller, Stephanie Beileke, UCLA Precision Health COVID-19 Host Genomics Biobank, Analysis team lead, Ruth Johnson, Data collection lead, Admin team lead, Nelson B. Freimer, Manish J. Butte, Daniel H. Geschwind, Bogdan Paşaniuc, Analysis team member, Yi Ding, Alec Chiu, Timothy S. Chang, Paul C. Boutros, UK Biobank, Analysis team lead, Konrad J. Karczewski, Alicia R. Martin, Daniel J. Wilson, Chris C. A. Spencer, Data collection lead, Derrick W. Crook, David Wyllie, Anne Marie O’Connell, Admin team lead, Analysis team member, Elizabeth G. Atkinson, Masahiro Kanai, Kristin Tsuo, Nikolas Baya, Patrick Turley, Rahul Gupta, Raymond K. Walters, Duncan S. Palmer, Gopal Sarma, Matthew Solomonson, Nathan Cheng, Wenhan Lu, Claire Churchhouse, Jacqueline I. Goldstein, Daniel L. King, Wei Zhou, Cotton Seed, Mark J. Daly, Benjamin M. Neale, Hilary K. Finucane, Sam Bryant, F. Kyle Satterstrom, Gavin Band, Sarah G. Earle, Shang‐Kuan Lin, Nicolas Arning, Nils Koelling, Data collection member, Jacob Armstrong, Justine Rudkin, Admin team member, Shawneequa Callier, Sam Bryant, Caroline Cusick, Variability in Immune Response Genes and Severity of SARS-CoV-2 Infection (INMUNGEN-CoV2 study), Analysis team lead, Israel Fernández‐Cadenas, Data collection lead, Anna M. Planas, Analysis team member, Jordi Pérez‐Tur, Laia Llucià‐Carol, Natàlia Cullell, Elena Muiño, Jara Cárcel‐Márquez, Marta L. DeDiego, L. Lloret Iglesias, Data collection member, Àlex Soriano, Verónica Rico, Daiana Agüero, Josep Lluís Bedini, Francisco S. Lozano, Carlos Domingo, Verónica Robles, Francisca Ruíz-Jaén, Leonardo Márquez, Juan Manuel López Gómez, Eliécer Coto, Guillermo M. Albaiceta, Marta García‐Clemente, David Dalmau, María J. Arranz, Beatriz Dietl, Alex Serra-Llovich, Pere Soler‐Palacín, Roger Colobrán, Andrea Martín-Nalda, Alba Parra-Martínez, David Bernardo, Silvia Rojo, Aida Fiz‐López, Elisa Arribas‐Rodríguez, Paloma Cal‐Sabater, Tomás Segura, Esther González-Villar, Gemma Serrano‐Heras, Joan Martí‐Fábregas, Elena Jiménez‐Xarrié, Alicia de Felipe Mimbrera, Jaime Masjuán, Sebastián García‐Madrona, Anna Domínguez-Mayoral, Joan Montaner Villalonga, Paloma Menéndez-Valladares, Website development, Matthew Solomonson - Nature 2023 被引用: 116

Investigating the role of host genetic factors in COVID-19 severity and susceptibility can inform our understanding of the underlying biological mechanisms that influence adverse outcomes and drug development 1 , 2 . Here we present a second updated genome-wide association study (GWAS) on COVID-19 severity and infection susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 from the COVID-19 Host Genetic Initiative (data release 7). We performed a meta-analysis of up to 219,692 cases and over 3 million controls, identifying 51 distinct genome-wide significant loci—adding 28 loci from the previous data release 2 . The increased number of candidate genes at the identified loci helped to map three major biological pathways that are involved in susceptibility and severity: viral entry, airway defence in mucus and type I interferon.