A Type 1 Diabetes Genetic Risk Score Predicts Progression of Islet Autoimmunity and Development of Type 1 Diabetes in Individuals at Risk

著者: María J. Redondo, Susan Geyer, Andrea K. Steck, Seth A. Sharp, John M. Wentworth, Michael N. Weedon, Peter A. Antinozzi, Jay M. Sosenko, Mark A. Atkinson, Alberto Pugliese, Richard A. Oram, Type 1 Diabetes TrialNet Study Group, Peter A. Antinozzi, Mark A. Atkinson, Manuela Battaglia, Dorothy J. Becker, P. J. Bingley, Emanuele Bosi, Jan C. Buckner, Peter G. Colman, Peter A. Gottlieb, Kevan C. Herold, Richard A. Insel, Tom Kay, Mikael Knip, Jennifer B. Marks, Antoinette Moran, James L. Palmer, Mark Peakman, Louis H. Philipson, Alberto Pugliese, P. Raskin, Henry Rodriguez, Bart O. Roep, William E. Russell, Desmond Schatz, Diane K. Wherrett, Darrell M. Wilson, William E. Winter, Anette‐Gabriele Ziegler, Christophe Benoıst, J.J. Blum, Peter Chase, Michael Clare‐Salzler, Raphael Clynes, George S. Eisenbarth, C. Garrison Fathman, Gilman D. Grave, Bernhard J. Hering, Francine Kaufman, Ellen Leschek, J. Mahon, Kirsti Näntö‐Salonen, Gerald T. Nepom, Tihamer Orban, Robertson Parkman, Mark D. Pescovitz, John Peyman, Maria Grazia Roncarolo, Olli Simell, Robert Sherwin, Mark Siegelman, Andrea K. Steck, James W. Thomas, Massimo Trucco, J. Richard Wagner, Carla J. Greenbaum, Katarzyna Bourcier, Richard A. Insel, Jeffrey P. Krischer, Ellen Leschek, Lisa Rafkin, Lisa M. Spain, Catherine C. Cowie, Mary A. Foulkes, Heidi Krause‐Steinrauf, John M. Lachin, Saúl Malozowski, John Peyman, J P Ridge, Peter J. Savage, Jay S. Skyler, Stephanie J. Zafonte, Norma S. Kenyon, Irene Santiago, Jay M. Sosenko, Brian N. Bundy, Michael Abbondondolo, Timothy E. Adams, Darlene Amado, Ilma Asif, Matthew Boonstra, Brian N. Bundy, Cristina Burroughs, David Cuthbertson, Mary Deemer, Christopher Eberhard, Steve Fiske, Julie Ford, Jennifer Garmeson, Heather Guillette, Susan Geyer, Brian Hays, Courtney Henderson, Martha Henry, Kathleen Heyman, Belinda Hsiao, Christina Karges, Nichole Keaton, Amanda Kinderman, Pat Law, Ashely Leinbach, Cristin Linton, Shu Liu, Jennifer Lloyd, Jamie Malloy, Kristin Maddox, Julie Martin, Jessica Miller, Éric Milliot, Margaret Moore, Sarah Müller, Thuy Trang Nguyen, Ryan O’Donnell, Vanessa Oduah, Jennifer Pilger, A. Roberts, Kelly Sadler, Tina Stavros, Roy Tamura, Keith Wood, Ping Xu, Kenneth C. Young, Persida Alies, Franz Badias, Aaron Baker, Monica Bassi, Craig A. Beam, David Boulware, London Bounmananh, Susan Bream, Doug Freeman, Jessica Gough, Jinin Ginem, Moriah Granger, M C Holloway, Michelle Kieffer, Page Lane, Lavanya Nallamshetty, Yazandra Parrimon, Kate Paulus, Joy Ramiro, AQesha Luvon Ritzie, Archana Sharma, Audrey C. Shor, Xiaohong Song, Amanda Terry, Jeanne Weinberger, Margaret Wootten, Pamela Harding, Susan McDonough, Paula McGee, Kimberly Owens Hess, Donna Phoebus, Scott Quinlan, Erica Raiden, Emily Batts, Chris Buddy, Kristin Kirpatrick, Mary Ramey, Ann Shultz, Chris Webb, Melita Romesco, Judith Fradkin, Emily A. Blumberg, Gerald J. Beck, David J. Brillon, Rose Gubitosi‐Klug, Lori M. Laffel, Robert M. Veatch, Dennis Wallace, Jonathan Braun, Åke Lernmark, Bernard C. Lo, Herman Mitchell, Ali Naji, Jørn Nerup, Trevor J. Orchard, Michael W. Steffes, Anastasios A. Tsiatis, Bernard Zinman, Brett Loechelt, Lindsey R. Baden, Michael D. Green, Adriana Weinberg, Santica M. Marcovina, Jerry P. Palmer, Adriana Weinberg, Liping Yu, Sunanda Babu, William E. Winter, George S. Eisenbarth, Polly J. Bingley, Raphael Clynes, Linda DiMeglio, George Eisenbarth, Brian Hays, Jennifer B. Marks, Della Matheson, Henry Rodriguez, Darrell Wilson, María J. Redondo, David Gomez, Xiati Zheng, Sandra Lidia Peralta Peña, Massimo Pietropaolo, Emily Batts, Tyler Brown, Jane H. Buckner, Angela Dove, Marissa Hammond, Deborah Hefty, Jani Klein, Kristen Kuhns, McKenzie Letlau, Sandra Lord, Marli McCulloch‐Olson, Lisa M. Miller, Gerald T. Nepom, Jared Odegard, Mary Ramey, Elaine Sachter, Marissa St. Marie, Kimberly Stickney, Dana VanBuecken, Ben Vellek, Christine A. Webber, Laurie Allen, Jenna Bollyk, Nicole Hilderman, Hebatullah Ismail, Steve Lamola, Srinath Sanda, Heather Vendettuoli, David Tridgell, Roshanak Monzavi, Meredith Bock, Lynda K. Fisher, Mary Halvorson, Debra Jeandron, Mimi S. Kim, Jamie Wood, Mitchell E. Geffner, Francine Kaufman, Robertson Parkman, Christine Salazar, Robin Goland, Raphael Clynes, Steve Cook, Matthew Freeby, Mary Gallagher, Rachelle Gandica, Ellen Greenberg, Amy Kurland, Sarah Pollak, Amy Wolk, Mary Chan, Linda Koplimae, Elizabeth Levine, Kelly Smith, Jeniece Trast, Linda DiMeglio, Janice Blum, Carmella Evans‐Molina, Robin Hufferd, Bonnie Jagielo, Christy Kruse, Vanessa Patrick, Mark Rigby, Maria Spall, Kim Swinney, Jennifer Terrell, Lyla Christner, LeeAnn Ford, Sheryl Lynch, M D Stamm Menendez, Patricia Merrill, Mark D. Pescovitz, Henry Rodriguez, Cielo Alleyn, David A. Baidal, S.D. Fay, Jason L. Gaglia, Brittany Resnick, Sarah Szubowicz, Gordon C. Weir, Ronald Benjamin, Debbie Conboy, Andrea deManbey, Richard A. Jackson, Heyam Jalahej, T Orban, Alyne Ricker, Joseph I. Wolfsdorf, Huihui Zhang, Darrell Wilson, Tandy Aye, Bonita K. Baker, Karen Barahona, Bruce A. Buckingham, Kerry Esrey, Trudy Esrey, Garry Fathman, Radhika Snyder, Beenu Aneja, Maya Chatav, Oralia Espinoza, Eliana Frank, Jenny Liu, Jennifer Perry, Rebecca Pyle, Alison Rigby, Kristin Riley, Adriana Soto, Stephen E. Gitelman, Saleh Adi, M. S. Anderson, Ashley Berhel, Kathy Breen, Kathleen Fraser, Andrea Gerard‐Gonzalez, Paula Jossan, Robert H. Lustig, Sara Moassesfar, Amy Mugg, David C. Ng, Priya Prahalod, Martha Rangel‐Lugo, Srinath Sanda, Joshua Tarkoff, Christine Torok, Rebecca Wesch, Ivy R. Aslan, Jeanne Buchanan, Jennifer Cordier, Celia Hamilton, Louise Hawkins, Thu Ho, Anjali Jain, Karen Ko, Theresa M. Lee, Shelly Phelps, Stephen M. Rosenthal, Taninee Sahakitrungruang, Lorraine Stehl, Lisa A. Taylor, Marcia Wertz, Jenise C. Wong, Louis H. Philipson, Rosemary Briars, Nancy Devine, Elizabeth Littlejohn, Tiffany Grant, Peter A. Gottlieb, Georgeanna J. Klingensmith, Andrea K. Steck, Aimon K. Alkanani, Kimberly Bautista, Ruth Bedoy, Aaron Blau, B. J. Burke, Laraine Cory, Mylinh Dang, Lisa Fitzgerald-Miller, Alex Fouts, Vicky Gage, Satish K. Garg, Patricia Gesauldo, Raymond Gutin, Cory J. Hayes, Michelle Hoffman, Kaitlin Ketchum, Nyla Logsden-Sackett, David M. Maahs, Laurel H. Messer, Lisa Meyers, Aaron W. Michels, Stesha Peacock, Marian Rewers, Perla Rodriguez, Flor Sepulbeda, Rachel Sippl, Andrea K. Steck, Iman Taki, Bao-Khan Tran, Tuan Tran, R. Paul Wadwa, Philip Zeitler, Jennifer M. Barker, Sandra Barry, Laurie Birks, Leah Bomsburger, Terra Bookert, Leah Briggs, Patricia Burdick, Rosio Cabrera, Peter Chase, Erin Cobry, Amy Conley, Gabrielle Cook, Joseph P. Daniels, Dominic DiDomenico, Jennifer Eckert, Angelica Ehler, George Eisenbarth, Pamela R. Fain, Rosanna Fiallo‐Scharer, Nicole Frank, Hannah Goettle, Michelle Haarhues, Sherrie Harris, Lauren Horton, John C. Hutton, Joy Jeffrrey, Rachael Jenison, Kelly Jones, Whitney Kastelic, Maria Amelia King, Debbie Lehr, Jenna Lungaro, Kendra Mason, Heather Maurer, Luy Nguyen, Allison Proto, Jaime Realsen, Kristina Schmitt, Mara Schwartz, San Skovgaard, Jennifer Smith, Brandon VanderWel, Mary Voelmle, R. Wagner, Amy E. Wallace, Philip A. Walravens, Laurie Weiner, Becky Westerhoff, Emily Westfall, Katina Widmer, Hali Wright, Desmond Schatz, Annie Abraham, Mark A. Atkinson, Miriam Cintrón, Michael Clare‐Salzler, Jessica Ferguson, Michael J. Haller, Jennifer Hosford, Diane Mancini, Hank Rohrs, Janet Silverstein, Jamie Thomas, William E. Winter, Gloria G. Cole, Roberta Cook, Ryan Coy, Elena Hicks, Nancy Davis Lewis, Jennifer B. Marks, Alberto Pugliese, Carlos Blaschke, Della Matheson, Natalia Sanders-Branca, Jay M. Sosenko, Luz Divina Arazo, Ray Arce, Mario Cisneros, Samir Sabbag, Antoinette Moran, Carrie Gibson, Brian T. Fife, Bernhard J. Hering, C. Kwong, Janice Leschyshyn, Brandon M. Nathan, Beth Pappenfus, Anne Street, Mary Boes, Sarah Peterson Eck, Lois Finney, Theresa Fischer, Andrea Martin, Chenai Jacqueline Muzamhindo, Missy Rhodes, Jennifer Smith, John A. Wagner, Bryan Wood, Dorothy J. Becker, Kelli Delallo, Ana María Díaz, Barbara Elnyczky, Ingrid Libman, Beata Pasek, Karen Riley, Massimo Trucco, Brian Copemen, Diane Gwynn, Frederico G. S. Toledo, Henry Rodriguez, Sureka Bollepalli, Frank Diamond, Emily Eyth, Danielle Henson, Anne Lenz, Dorothy I. Shulman, Phillip Raskin, Soumya Adhikari, Brian Dickson, Erin Dunnigan, Ildiko Lingvay, Lourdes Pruneda, María A. Ramos-Román, Philip Raskin, Chanhaeng Rhee, John Richard, Mark Siegelman, Daytheon Sturges, Kathryn Sumpter, Perrin C. White, Marilyn Alford, Jamie Arthur, Larissa Avilés‐Santa, Erica Cordova, Renee Davis, Stefani Fernandez, Steve Fordan, Tauri Hardin, Aris Jacobs, Polina Kaloyanova, Ivanna Lukacova-Zib, Sasan Mirfakhraee, Alok Mohan, Hiroshi Noto, Oralenda Smith, Nenita Torres, Diane K. Wherrett, Diana Balmer, Lesley Eisel, Roze Kovalakovska, Mala Mehan, Farah Sultan, Brenda Ahenkorah, José Luis Cevallos, Natasha Razack, Mary Jo Ricci, Angela Rhode, Mithula Srikandarajah, Rachel Steger, William E. Russell, Margo Black, Faith Brendle, Anne Brown, Daniel J. Moore, Eric Pittel, Alyssa Robertson, April Shannon, James W. Thomas, Kevan C. Herold, Laurie Feldman, Robert Sherwin, William V. Tamborlane, Stuart A. Weinzimer, Jorma Toppari, Tiina Kallio, Maarit Kärkkäinen, Elina Mäntymäki, Tiina Niininen, Birgitta Nurmi, Petro Rajala, Minna Romo, Sointu Suomenrinne, Kirsti Näntö‐Salonen, Olli Simell, Tuula Simell, Emanuele Bosi, Manuela Battaglia, Eleonora Bianconi, Riccardo Bonfanti, Pauline Grogan, Andrea Laurenzi, Sabina Martinenghi, Franco Meschi, Matteo Rocco Pastore, Luca Falqui, Maria Teresa Muscato, Matteo Viscardi, Harriet Castleden, Nicola Farthing, Sam Loud, Claire Matthews, Jennifer McGhee, Ann Morgan, Joanna Pollitt, Rebecca Elliot-Jones, Carole Wheaton, Mikael Knip, Heli Siljander, Heli Suomalainen, Peter G. Colman, Felicity Healy, Shelley Mesfin, Leanne Redl, John M. Wentworth, Jinny Willis, Maree Farley, Leonard C. Harrison, Christine Perry, Fiona Williams, Amalia Mayo, James W. Paxton, VW Thompson, Liisa Volin, Chloe Fenton, Lorraine Carr, E. Lemon, Michael W. Swank, Mary K. Luidens, M. Salgam, Vasuda Sharma, David S. Schade, Charles M. King, Richard D. Carano, Jason A. Vander Heiden, Norman D. Means, Leroy Holman, Ian J. Thomas, David Madrigal, Timothy Muth, C. L. Martin, Cynthia Plunkett, C. Ramm, Richard J. Auchus, Wendy Lane, E. Avots, Mary Buford, Clarence Hale, J.C. HOYLE, Benjamin C. Lane, Andrew Muir, S E Shuler, Nicholas Raviele, E. Ivie, Margaret A. Jenkins, Karen L. Lindsley, I. Hansen, Doris Fadoju, Eric I. Felner, B. Bode, RaShonda Hosey, Julian Sax, Craig Jefferies, Stuart I. Mannering, R. Prentis, Jin‐Xiong She, Max E. Stachura, Diane Hopkins, Joshua Williams, Leigh Steed, E. Asatapova, S. Nunez, Sarah Knight, Peter Dixon, Jared Ching, Thomas Donner, S. Longnecker, K. Abel, Kristin M. Arcara, Scott M. Blackman, Lorraine F. Clark, Debbie Cooke, Leslie Plotnick, Phillip A. Levin, Lee Bromberger, Kathleen Klein, Katarzyna Sadurska, Catherine Allen, Dominique S. Michaud, Hubert L. Snodgrass, George A. Burghen, Sheena Chatha, Charles M. Clark, Jay Silverberg, Carrie Wittmer, Jacqueline A. Gardner, Christhope Leboeuf, P. M. Bell, O. McGlore, H Tennet, N. Alba, M. Carroll, L. Baert, H. Beaton, E. Cordell, Aveni Haynes, C. Reed, Katie Lichter, P. McCarthy, Susan McCarthy, Travis Monchamp, Jared C. Roach, S. Manies, F. Gunville, L. Marosok, T. Nelson, Kathryn E. Ackerman, Joachim Rudolph, M. Stewart, Ken McCormick, May S, Theresa Falls, Timothy Barrett, Kelly Dale, Lydiah Makusha, C. McTernana, K. Penny-Thomas, K. Sullivan, Parth Narendran, Jayne Robbie, D. Smith, Rochelle Christensen, Barry E. Koehler, C. Royal, Timothy D. Arthur, Harold B. Houser, J. Renaldi, Sachi Watsen, Peihong Wu, L. Lyons, Brent House, Jianjiang Yu, Helen Holt, Monica Larissa Nation, C. F. H. Vickers, R. Watling, Rubina A. Heptulla, Jeniece Trast, C. G. Agarwal, D. J. Newell, Ranjitha Katikaneni, Chris Gardner, A. Del Rio, Aaron C. Logan, Hilde Collier, Chloe Rishton, Gillian Whalley, Ali Asghar, Shenaz Ramtoola, Teresa Quattrin, L. Mastrandea, A.J. House, Michelle A. Ecker, Chiu‐Ling Huang, Claire Gougeon, Jennifer E. Ho, D. Pacuad, David B. 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Gardner, D. Eichelberger, Lisa Knight, L. Szadek, G. Welnick, Bruce Thompson, Robert M. Hoffman, Andrew Revell, J. Cherko, K. Carter, Éric Gilson, Jade Haines, G. Arthur, Benjamin P. Bowen, W.B. Zipf, Patricia M. Graves, R.A. Lozano, Diane Seiple, K. Spicer, Amy Chang, J. Fregosi, Jeremy Harbinson, Christopher P Paulson, S. Stalters, Paul Wright, Douglas W. Zlock, Amy Freeth, Jennifer Victory, Hiralal Maheshwari, A. Maheshwari, T. Holmstrom, J. Bueno, Raul Arguello, J. Ahern, Linda Noreika, Victoria E. Watson, S. Hourse, Paul R. Breyer, C. Kissel, Y. Nicholson, M. Pfeifer, S. Almazan, J S Bajaj, Maryanne Quinn, Kayla Funk, J. McCance, Eduardo Moreno, R. Veintimilla, Andrew D. Wells, Jennifer Cook, S. Trunnel, David J. Transue, Julie M. Surhigh, D. Bezzaire, Kathleen Moltz, Erin Zacharski, Joseph Henske, Sujal R. Desai, K. Frizelis, Faris Khan, Rickard L. Sjöberg, K. Eileen Allen, P.P. Manning, G. Hendry, Bradley K. Taylor, Samuel E. Jones, R. B. 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Nelson, C. Frost, James Amrhein, Elaine Moreland, Andrew Hayes, J. Peggram, James Aisenberg, M. Riordan, J. Zasa, Elizabeth Cummings, Karen A. Scott, Teresa Pinto, Ashwini Mokashi, Karen McAssey, Elizabeth Helden, Peter Hammond, L. Dinning, S H Rahman, S. Ray, C. Dimicri, S. Guppy, Hans Jørgen Nielsen, Claudia Vogel, Carles Ariza, Luz Marina Morales, Yu‐Tzu Chang, Robert A. Gabbay, L. Ambrocio, L Manley, Robin Nemery, W. A. Charlton, Paul D. Smith, Lucille Kerr, B. Steindel-Kopp, M. Alamaguer, Eludrizza Tabisola-Nuesca, A. Pendersen, Nicholas B. Larson, H. Cooper-Olviver, David S. Chan, David Fitzpatrick, Teresa Carreira, Y. Park, L. Renee Ruhaak, David R. Liljenquist, G. Browning, Tiffany Coughenour, Mathias Sulk, E. Tsalikan, Michael Tansey, Joanne Cabbage, Naznin Dixit, S. M. Kamal Pasha, Mary‐Claire King, Kim G. Adcock, H. Atterberry, Larry A. Fox, Kimberly Englert, Nelly Mauras, J. Permuy, Kaitlin Sikes, Tzeggai Berhe, B. Guendling, L. McLennan, Laura A. Paganessi, Colin G. Murphy, M B Draznin, Mala Kamboj, S.T. Sheppard, Victor Lewis, Laura C. Coates, W. Moore, Ghufran Babar, Jacques Bédard, Darlene Brenson-Hughes, Joe Cernich, Mark A. Clements, R. Duprau, Serge Goodman, Lois Hester, Lina Huerta‐Saenz, Alexander Karmazin, T. Letjen, S. Raman, Dawn E. Morin, William H. Bestermann, E.J. Morawski, Jonathan L. White, A. Brockmyer, Robert A. Bays, Shauna R. Campbell, Andrew J. Stapleton, Nicole L. Stone, A. L. Donoho, Helen Everett, Harvey H. Hensley, Matthew B. Johnson, Chris Marshall, N. Skirvin, Peter Taylor, Rachel E. Williams, Linda Ray, Chris Wolverton, D.A. Nickels, C. Dothard, Phyllis Speiser, Michele Pellizzari, Laura Bokor, KE Izuora, Sameh A. Abdelnour, P. Cummings, S. Paynor, Michael F. Leahy, M. Riedl, Shannon Shockley, Randa K. Saad, Teresa Briones, Sofia Casella, Carsten T. Herz, Kenneth Walsh, James Greening, F C Hay, S. E. Hunt, Nisha Sikotra, Leon A. Simons, D. G. Karounos, R. Oremus, Louise Dye, L. Daniel Myers, D.H. 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D’Annuzio, Katia Perri, Nicola Minuto, Clara Rebora, Rachel A Callegari, Omar Ali, John R. Kramer, Bethany Auble, S. Cabrera, Patricia A. Donohoue, Rosanna Fiallo‐Scharer, Martin J. Hessner, Peter M. Wolfgram, Alvina R. Kansra, Nicola Bettin, Richard K. McCuller, Andrew D. Miller, Siham Accacha, John Corrigan, Esteban Fiore, Ross L. Levine, T.A. Mahoney, Constantin Polychronakos, Vincent Gagné, Harold Starkman, Marie Fox, Daisy Chin, Frances Melchionne, L. A. Silverman, Ian Marshall, L. Cerracchio, José C. Cruz, Anand Viswanathan, J. A. Wilson, S A Chalew, S. Valley, S. Layburn, Anuradha Lala, Patrice Clesi, Matthew Genet, Gabriel I. Uwaifo, Alain Charron, Timothy D. Allerton, William T. Cefalu, Lydia Yvonne Melendez-Ramirez, R. Richards, Cielo Alleyn, Eric L. Gustafson, M. Lizanna, Jack Wahlen, S. Aleiwe, Michael K. Hansen, H. Wahlen, Carol J. Levy, A. Bonaccorso, Robert Rapaport, Yaron Tomer, David Chia, Marina Goldis, L. Iazzetti, M. Klein, Camilla Levister, Larissa Waldman, Elizabeth Wallach, Molly O. Regelmann, Z. Antal, M. Aranda, Carey Reynholds, N. Leech, Deborah J. Wake, Cormac Owens, Mason Jenner Burns, John S. Wotherspoon, Anne M. Murray, Kevin R. Short, GW Curry, S. F. Kelsey, Jennifer Lawson, Julie A. Porter, Susanna R. Stevens, Emma C. Thomson, S. Winship, L. Wynn, Esko Wiltshire, Jeremy Krebs, Peter Cresswell, H. Faherty, Craig S. Ross, A Vinik, Patricia M. Barlow, Marc Bourcier, Marie-Laure Névoret, Jennifer Couper, Shirley A.A. Beresford, N. Thalagne, Holly Roper, J. Gibbons, Julia Hill, S. Balleaut, Cameron Brennan, J. Ellis-Gage, Louisa Fear, Thomas M. Gray, Laura Jones, Constance A. McNerney, Lauren Pointer, Nicholas C. Price, Karen Few, Deborah Tomlinson, Louise Denvir, Jennifer C. Drew, Tabitha Randell, Peter Mansell, S A Bell, Sharon Butler, Y. Hooton, H Navarra, Abi Roper, G Babington, Lindsay Crate, Harrison Cripps, Amanda Ledlie, Courtney Moulds, Robyn Norton, B. Petrova, O. Silkstone, Chris Smith, Kanika Ghai, M. Murray, V. N. Viswanathan, M. Henegan, O Kawadry, Olson Ja, L. Patterson, Tariq Ahmad, Brianna Flores, D. Domek, S. Domek, Kenneth C. Copeland, Melvin George, Joane Less, T. K. Davis, Megan Short, Arcot A. Dwarakanathan, Patrick O’Donnell, Brian P. Boerner, LuAnn Larson, Monica Phillips, Marc Rendell, Kara Larson, Chris Smith, Katelyn Zebrowski, L. Kuechenmeister, M. Thevarayapillai, Michael J. Daniels, Heather Speer, N. Forghani, R. Quintana, Christian Reh, Amrit Bhangoo, Pascal Desrosiers, Lucy Ireland, T. Misla, C. Torres, Susan Wells, Jesús Villar, M. C. Yu, Diane J. Berry, David P. Cook, Josefin Söder, Abigail E. Powell, Mah Lee Ng, Mary F. Morrison, Zena Haslam, Margaret L. Lawson, Benjamin Bradley, Jodi B. Courtney, C C Richardson, Chris Watson, E. Keely, D. DeCurtis, M. Vaccarcello-Cruz, Zaira Torres, Kathryn Sandberg, Hwa‐Lin Hsiang, Binu Joy, David L. McCormick, Abigail E. Powell, Helen Jones, Jordana T. Bell, S. Hargadon, Sue Hudson, Mirko Kummer, Sue Ellyn Sauder, Evelyn Sutton, Kathy Gensel, R. Aguirre-Castaneda, V. Benavides Lopez, D. Hemp, Simon Allen, J. Stear, Elizabeth A. Davis, Timothy W. Jones, Amy E. Roberts, Julie Dart, Nirubasini Paramalingam, Lorraine E. Levitt Katz, N. Chaudhary, Kathryn M. Murphy, Steven M. Willi, B. Schwartzman, Chiraag D. Kapadia, David Larson, D. McClellan, G. Shaibai, L.A. Kelley, Giovanni Carlo Federico Villa, Casey J. Kelley, Rebekah Diamond, Mariam Kabbani, Tala Dajani, Franciska M. E. Hoekstra, M. Magorno, Jens J. Holst, V. Chauhan, Nathaniel R. Wilson, Patricia Bononi, Matthias Sperl, Ann Millward, Mark Eaton, Larry S. Dean, Jerrold S. Olshan, Harmony Renna, C. Milliard, Denise C. Snyder, Shawn T. Beaman, Kerry J. Burch, John Chester, Andrew Ahmann, Bethany Wollam, Donald DeFrang, R. Holly Fitch, Kristin Jahnke, Kathy Hanavan, Baylee Klopfenstein, Lionel Nicol, Richard W Bergstrom, Thomas L. Noland, J. Brodksy, Ludwing Bacon, Jose Bernardo Quintos, Lisa Swartz Topor, Shara R. Bialo, B Bancroft, A.G. Soto, W. H. Lagarde, Hillary Elizabeth Lockemer, Trisha N. Vanderploeg, Mohammed Auwal Ibrahim, Maryann L. Huie, V. Pérez Sánchez, Rachel Edelen, Rod Marchiando, James L. Palmer, T. Repas, Megan Wasson, P. Auker, James T. Culbertson, Timothy J. Kieffer, D. Voorhees, Trista Borgwardt, L. DeRaad, Katrin Eckert, Erin Isaacson, H. Kühn, Andrew J. Carroll, Mirjam Schubert, G. E. Francis, Sean C. Hagan, Trang T. Le, Marc S. Penn, Edward D. Wickham, Carlos Leyva, K. Rivera, Jaume Padilla, Iria Beltrán Rodríguez, Nicholas Jospe, J. Czyzyk, Bruce Johnson, Ulhas M. Nadgir, NATALIE MARLEN, GNANAGURUDASAN PRAKASAM, C. Rieger, Nicole Glaser, E.C. Heiser, Barbara J. Harris, C. Foster, Hillarie Slater, Karen L. Wheeler, David Donaldson, M. Murray, Daniel E. Hale, Robin Tragus, D.R. Word, Jane Lynch, Lauren Pankratz, William J. Rogers, Ron S. Newfield, S. Holland, Marla Hashiguchi, Michael Gottschalk, A. Philis-Tsimikas, Rosario Rosal, Stephen Franklin, S. Guardado, Nancy J.V. Bohannon, M. Garcia, Tyler Aguinaldo, J. Phan, V. Barraza, Daniel Cohen, Jordan E. Pinsker, Umair Khan, John Wiley, L. Jovanovic, P. Misra, Mia Wright, Daniel Cohen, Kuo‐Yang Huang, Matthew L. Skiles, S. Maxcy, Catherine Pihoker, K. Cochrane, Jean-Philippe Fosse, Seán Kearns, Mary Klingsheim, Nicholas A. Wright, L. Viles, Holly Smith, Simon Heller, Mark O. Cunningham, A Daniels, L. Zeiden, John K. Field, Rosie M. Walker, Keith J. Griffin, Lynn Bartholow, Christopher S. Erickson, James Howard, B. Krabbenhoft, C.A. Sandman, A. Vanveldhuizen, J. Wurlger, Aaron Zimmerman, K. Hanisch, Laura Davis‐Keppen, Andrew Cotterill, Jacqueline Kirby, Maureen I Harris, Alexander H. Schmidt, Christopher M. Kishiyama, Carlos Flores, Joanne Milton, W. Martin, C. Whysham, A. Yerka, Timothy G. Freels, Jeanne M. Hassing, Jennifer Webster, R. Green, Paul Carter, J. H. Galloway, D. Hoelzer, Stephen D. Roberts, S Said, Patrick F. Sullivan, Holley F. Allen, Edward O. Reiter, Evan N. Feinberg, Corbin Johnson, LA Newhook, David Hagerty, N. White, L. Levandoski, Jennifer Kyllo, Matthew B. Johnson, Christine Benoit, Prasad G. Iyer, F Diamond, Hiroshi Hosono, Susan H. Jackman, Lauren Barette, Peter B. Jones, Irene N. Sills, Suzan Bzdick, Jane Bulger, Ruth S. Weinstock, Isy Douek, Robert Andrews, G. Modgill, G Györffy, L. Robin, Neel Vaidya, Simon Crouch, K. O’Brien, C. Thompson, N. Thorne, Joseph T. Blumer, J. Kalic, L. Klepek, Jany Paulett, B. Rosolowski, J. Horner, Michael T. Watkins, Joanne L. Casey, Keri L.H. Carpenter, Christine Burns, Jay R. Horton, Catrin Pritchard, D. Soetaert, Anthony Wynne, Kevin B. Kaiserman, M Halvorson, Chih‐Chien Chin, O.Y. Molina, Chirag J. Patel, Rosemary Noel Senguttuvan, Mark D. Wheeler, O. Furet, C. Steuhm, David H. Jelley, Sharnella Goudeau, Laura J. Chalmers, David M. Greer, Constadina Panagiotopoulos, Daniel L. Metzger, Danh V. Nguyen, M. Horowitz, MARK P. CHRISTIANSEN, E. Glades, C Morimoto, M. Macarewich, Robert J. Norman, Kara Patin, Carlos A. Vargas, A. Barbanica, Andrew Yu, Pavanapuresan P. Vaidyanathan, William Osborne, Rohit Mehra, S. Kaster, S. Neace, J. Horner, Geri C. Reeves, C. Cordrey, L. Marrs, Thomas P. Miller, Steven A. Dowshen, Donna Doyle, Steven Walker, Daniel Catte, Heather Dean, M. Drury-Brown, B. W. Hackman, Mary Lee, Samir Malkani, Karen Cullen, Kelly Johnson, Philip Hampton, M. McCarrell, Charles Curtis, Esbjörn Paul, Yajaira Zambrano - Diabetes Care 2018 被引用: 169

OBJECTIVE We tested the ability of a type 1 diabetes (T1D) genetic risk score (GRS) to predict progression of islet autoimmunity and T1D in at-risk individuals. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We studied the 1,244 TrialNet Pathway to Prevention study participants (T1D patients’ relatives without diabetes and with one or more positive autoantibodies) who were genotyped with Illumina ImmunoChip (median [range] age at initial autoantibody determination 11.1 years [1.2–51.8], 48% male, 80.5% non-Hispanic white, median follow-up 5.4 years). Of 291 participants with a single positive autoantibody at screening, 157 converted to multiple autoantibody positivity and 55 developed diabetes. Of 953 participants with multiple positive autoantibodies at screening, 419 developed diabetes. We calculated the T1D GRS from 30 T1D-associated single nucleotide polymorphisms. We used multivariable Cox regression models, time-dependent receiver operating characteristic curves, and area under the curve (AUC) measures to evaluate prognostic utility of T1D GRS, age, sex, Diabetes Prevention Trial–Type 1 (DPT-1) Risk Score, positive autoantibody number or type, HLA DR3/DR4-DQ8 status, and race/ethnicity. We used recursive partitioning analyses to identify cut points in continuous variables. RESULTS Higher T1D GRS significantly increased the rate of progression to T1D adjusting for DPT-1 Risk Score, age, number of positive autoantibodies, sex, and ethnicity (hazard ratio [HR] 1.29 for a 0.05 increase, 95% CI 1.06–1.6; P = 0.011). Progression to T1D was best predicted by a combined model with GRS, number of positive autoantibodies, DPT-1 Risk Score, and age (7-year time-integrated AUC = 0.79, 5-year AUC = 0.73). Higher GRS was significantly associated with increased progression rate from single to multiple positive autoantibodies after adjusting for age, autoantibody type, ethnicity, and sex (HR 2.27 for GRS >0.295, 95% CI 1.47–3.51; P = 0.0002). CONCLUSIONS The T1D GRS independently predicts progression to T1D and improves prediction along T1D stages in autoantibody-positive relatives.