The CosmoVerse White Paper: Addressing observational tensions in cosmology with systematics and fundamental physics

著者: Eleonora Di Valentino, Jackson Levi Said, Adam G. Riess, Agnieszka Pollo, Vivian Poulin, Adrià Gómez-Valent, Amanda Weltman, A. Palmese, Caroline D. Huang, Carsten van de Bruck, Chandra Shekhar Saraf, Cheng‐Yu Kuo, Cora Uhlemann, Daniela Grandón, Dante J. Paz, D. Eckert, Elsa M. Teixeira, Emmanuel N. Saridakis, Eoin Ó Colgáin, Florian Beutler, Florian Niedermann, Francesco Bajardi, Gabriela Barenboim, Giulia Gubitosi, I. Musella, Indranil Banik, István Szapudi, J. Singal, Jaume de Haro, Jens Chluba, Jesús Torrado, Jurgen Mifsud, Karsten Jedamzik, Khaled Said, Konstantinos F. Dialektopoulos, Laura Herold, Leandros Perivolaropoulos, Lei Zu, L. Galbany, Louise Breuval, Luca Visinelli, Luis A. Escamilla, Luis A. Anchordoqui, M. M. Sheikh-Jabbari, M Lembo, Maria Giovanna Dainotti, M. Vincenzi, Marika Asgari, M. Gerbino, Matteo Forconi, Michele Cantiello, M. Moresco, Micol Benetti, Nils Schöneberg, Özgür Akarsu, Rafael C. Nunes, Reginald Christian Bernardo, Ricardo Chávez, Richard I. Anderson, Richard Watkins, Salvatore Capozzıello, Siyang Li, Sunny Vagnozzi, Supriya Pan, Tommaso Treu, Vid Iršič, Will Handley, William Giarè, Yukei S. Murakami, Abdolali Banihashemi, Adèle Poudou, Alan Heavens, A. Kogut, Alba Domi, Aleksander Łukasz Lenart, A. Melchiorri, Alessandro Vadalà, A. Amon, Alexander Bonilla Rivera, Alexander G. Reeves, Alexander Zhuk, A. Bonanno, Ali Övgün, Alice Pisani, Alireza Talebian, Amare Abebe, Amin Aboubrahim, Ana Luisa González Morán, András Kovács, Andreas Lymperis, Andreas Papatriantafyllou, Andrew R. Liddle, Andronikos Paliathanasis, A. Borowiec, Anil K. Yadav, Anita Yadav, Anjan A. Sen, Anjitha John William, Anne-Christine Davis, Anowar J. Shajib, Anthony Walters, A.I. Lonappan, Anton Chudaykin, Antonio Capodagli, A. Da Silva, Antonio De Felice, Antonio Racioppi, Araceli Soler Oficial, Ariadna Montiel, Arianna Favale, Armando Bernui, Arrianne Crystal Velasco, Asta Heinesen, Athanasios Bakopoulos, Athanasios Chatzistavrakidis, B. Khanpour, B. S. Sathyaprakash, Bartek Zgirski, Benjamin L’Huillier, Benoît Famaey, Bhuvnesh Jain, Bing Zhang, Biswajit Karmakar, Бранко Драгович, Brooks Thomas, Carlos Correa, Carlos G. Boiza, Catarina Marques, Celia Escamilla‐Rivera, Charalampos Tzerefos, Chi Zhang, Chiara Leo, Christian Pfeifer, Christine Lee, Christo Venter, Cláudio Gomes, Clécio R. Bom, Cristian Moreno-Pulido, Damianos Iosifidis, Daniel Grin, Daniel Blixt, D. Scolnic, Daniele Oriti, D. V. Dobrycheva, Dario Bettoni, David Benisty, David Fernández-Arenas, David L. Wiltshire, D. Sanchez Cid, David Tamayo, D. Valls‐Gabaud, Davide Pedrotti, Deng Wang, Denitsa Staicova, Despoina Totolou, Diego Rubiera-García, Dinko Milaković, Dominic W. Pesce, Dominique Sluse, D. Borka, E. Yusofi, Elena Giusarma, E. Terlevich, Elena Tomasetti, Elias C. Vagenas, Elisa Fazzari, Elisa G. M. Ferreira, Elvis Barakovic, Emanuela Dimastrogiovanni, Emil Brinch Holm, Emil Mottola, Emre Özülker, Enrico Specogna, E. Brocato, Erik Jensko, Erika Antonette Enriquez, Esha Bhatia, Fabio Bresolin, Felipe Avila, Filippo Bouchè, Flavio Bombacigno, Fotios K. Anagnostopoulos, Francesco Pace, Francesco Sorrenti, Francisco S. N. Lobo, F. Courbin, Frode K. Hansen, G. C. Sloan, Gabriel Farrugia, G. Lynch, Gabriela Garcia-Arroyo, Gabriella Raimondo, Gaetano Lambiase, Gagandeep S. Anand, Gaspard Poulot, Genly León, Gerasimos Kouniatalis, Germano Nardini, G. Csörnyei, G. Galloni, Giada Bargiacchi, G. Papagiannopoulos, Giovanni Montani, Giovanni Otalora, Giulia De Somma, G. Fiorentino, Giuseppe Fanizza, Giuseppe Gaetano Luciano, Giuseppe Sarracino, Gonzalo J. Olmo, Goran S. Djordjević, G Cañas-Herrera, Hanyu Cheng, Harry Desmond, H. Abdalla, H. Chen, Hsu-Wen Chiang, Hume A. Feldman, Hussain Gohar, Ido Ben-Dayan, I. Sevilla-Noarbe, Ignatios Antoniadis, Ilim Çimdiker, Inês S. Albuquerque, Ioannis D. Gialamas, Ippocratis D. Saltas, I. B. Vavilova, Isidro Gómez-Vargas, Ismael Ayuso, Ismailov Nariman Zeynalabdi, Ivan De Martino, Ivonne Zavala, J. Alberto Vázquez, J. Asorey, Janusz Gluza, Javier Rubio, Jenny G. Sorce, Jenny Wagner, Jeremy Sakstein, Jéssica Santiago, J. A. Braatz, Joan Solà Peracaula, John P. Blakeslee, John K. Webb, José A. R. Cembranos, José P. Mimoso, Joseph B. Jensen, J. García-Bellido, J. Prat, Kim Sammut, Kay Lehnert, Keith R. Dienes, Kishan Deka, Konrad Kuijken, Krishna Naidoo, L. Gergely, Laur Järv, Laura Mersini–Houghton, Leila L. Graef, L. Vacher, Levon Pogosian, Lilia Anguelova, Lindita Hamolli, Lu Yin, Luca Caloni, L. Izzo, Lucas M. Macri, Luis E. Padilla, Luz Ángela García, Maciej Bilicki, Mahdi Najafi, M. Plionis, Manuel Gonzalez-Espinoza, Manuel Hohmann, Marcel A. van der Westhuizen, M. Marconi, Marcin Postolak, Marco de Cesare, Marco Regis, Marek Biesiada, M. Einasto, Margus Saal, Maria Caruana, Μαρία Πετρονικολού, Mariam Bouhmadi-López, Mariana Melo, Mariaveronica De Angelis, Marie-Noëlle Célérier, Marina Cortês, M. J. Reid, Markus Michael Rau, Martin S. Sloth, M. Raidal, Masahiro Takada, Masoume Reyhani, M. Romanello, M. Marengo, Mathias Garny, Matías Leizerovich, Matteo Martinelli, Matteo Tagliazucchi, M. Demirci, Miguel A. S. Pinto, Miguel A. Sabogal, Miguel A. García-Aspeitia, Milan Milošević, Mina Ghodsi, Mustapha Ishak, N. J. Nunes, N. Samaras, Nico Hamaus, Nico Schuster, Nicola Borghi, N. Deiosso, Nicola Tamanini, N. Fornengo, Nihan Katırcı, Nikolaos E. Mavromatos, Nicholas Petropoulos, N. Šarčević, A. Nilsson, Nima Khosravi, Noemi Frusciante, Octavian Postavaru, Oem Trivedi, Oleksii Sokoliuk, Olga Mena, Paloma Morilla, P. Campeti, P. Salucci, Paula Boubel, P. Bielewicz, P. Heinämäki, Petar Suman, Petros Asimakis, Pierros Ntelis, Pran Nath, P. Jovanović, Purba Mukherjee, Radosław Wojtak, Rafaela Gsponer, Rafid H. Dejrah, Rahul Shah, Rasmi Hajjar, Rebecca Briffa, Rebecca Habas, Reggie C. Pantig, Renier Mendoza, Riccardo Della Monica, Richard Stiskalek, Rishav Roshan, Rita B. Neves, R. Molinaro, R. Terlevich, Rocco D’Agostino, Rodrigo Sandoval-Orozco, Ronaldo C. Batista, Ruchika Ruchika, Ruth Lazkoz, Saeed Rastgoo, Sahar Mohammadi, Salvatore Samuele Sirletti, Sandeep Haridasu, Sanjay Mandal, Saurya Das, Sebastián Bahamonde, S. Grandis, Sebastian Trojanowski, Sergei D. Odintsov, Sergij Mazurenko, Shahab Joudaki, S. H. Suyu, Shouvik Roy Choudhury, Shruti Bhatporia, Shangrong Li, Simeon Bird, Simon Birrer, S. Paradiso, S. Santos da Costa, S. Contarini, Sophie Henrot-Versillé, Spyros Basilakos, Stefano Casertano, Stefano Gariazzo, Stylianos A. Tsilioukas, Surajit Kalita, Suresh Kumar, Susana J. Landau, Sveva Castello, Swayamtrupta Panda, Tanja Petrushevska, Thanasis Karakasis, T. Brinckmann, Tiago B. Gonçalves, Tiziano Schiavone, Tom Abel, Tomi Koivisto, Torsten Bringmann, U Demirbozan, Utkarsh Kumar, Valerio Marra, Maurice H. P. M. van Putten, Vasileios Kalaitzidis, V. A. Mitsou, Vasilios Zarikas, Vedad Pasic, Venus Keus, V. Motta, V. Borka Jovanović, Víctor H. Cárdenas, V. Ripepi, Vincenzo Salzano, Violetta Impellizzeri, Vitor da Fonseca, V. Ghirardini, V. Vansevičius, Weiqiang Yang, Wojciech A. Hellwing, Xin Ren, Yu-Min Hu, Yuejia Zhai, Abdul Malik Sultan, Abdurakhmon Nosirov, Adrienn Pataki, Alessandro Santoni, Aliya Batool, Amlan Chakraborty, Aneta Wojnar, Arman Tursunov, Avik De, Ayush Hazarika, Baojiu Li, Benjamin Bose, B. Mishra, Bobomurat Ahmedov, Claudia G. Scóccola, C. Tortora, D. J. Kenworthy, D. E. Holz, David F. Mota, David S. Pereira, Devon Williams, Dillon Brout, Dong Ha Lee, Eduardo Guendelman, Edward Olex, Emanuelly Silva, E. O. Kahya, Eva-Maria Mueller, F. Andrade-Oliveira, Feven Markos Hunde, F. R. Joaquim, F. Pacaud, Francis-Yan Cyr-Racine, F. Pozo Núñez, Gábor Rácz, Gene Carlo Belinario, Geraint F. Lewis, G. Dálya, Giorgio Laverda, G. Risaliti, Guillermo Franco-Abellán, Hayden Zammit, Hayley Camilleri, H. M. Courtois, H. Moradpour, Igor de O. C. Pedreira, Ilídio Lopes, István Csabai, James W. Rohlf, Jana Bogdanoska, Javier de Cruz Pérez, Joan Bachs-Esteban, Joseph Sultana, Julien Lesgourgues, Jun-Qian Jiang, Karem Peñaló Castillo, Kimet Jusufi, Lavinia Heisenberg, Laxmipriya Pati, Lón V.E. Koopmans, L. K. Duchaniya, Lucas Lombriser, María Pérez Garrote, Mariano Domínguez, Marine Samsonyan, Mark Pace, Martin Krššák, Masroor C. Pookkillath, Matteo Peronaci, Matteo Piani, Matthildi Raftogianni, Meet J. Vyas, Melina Michalopoulou, Merab Gogberashvili, Michael Klasen, Michele Cicoli, Miguel Quartin, Miguel Zumalacárregui, M. S. Dimitrijević, M. Dordevic, Mindaugas Karčiauskas, Morgan Le Delliou, Nastassia Grimm, Nicolás Augusto Kozameh, Nicoleta Voicu, Nicolina Pop, Nikos Chatzifotis, Odil Yunusov, Oliver F. Piattella, Pedro da Silveira Ferreira, P. Raffai, Peter Schupp, Pilar Ruiz-Lapuente, P. K. Sahoo, R. V. Maluf, Ruth Durrer, S. A. Kadam, S. Matarrese, S. Brieden, S. González–Gaitán, Santosh V. Lohakare, Scott Watson, Shao-Jiang Wang, Simão Marques Nunes, Soumya Chakrabarti, Subinoy Das, Suvodip Mukherjee, Tajron Jurić, Tessa Baker, Θεόδωρος Νάκας, Tiago Barreiro, Upala Mukhopadhyay, Veljko Vujčić, Violetta Sagun, Vladimir A. Srécković, Wangzheng Zhang, Yo Toda, Yun-Song Piao, Zahra Davari - Physics of the Dark Universe 2025 被引用: 210

The standard model of cosmology has provided a good phenomenological description of a wide range of observations both at astrophysical and cosmological scales for several decades. This concordance model is constructed by a universal cosmological constant and supported by a matter sector described by the standard model of particle physics and a cold dark matter contribution, as well as very early-time inflationary physics, and underpinned by gravitation through general relativity. There have always been open questions about the soundness of the foundations of the standard model. However, recent years have shown that there may also be questions from the observational sector with the emergence of differences between certain cosmological probes. In this White Paper, we identify the key objectives that need to be addressed over the coming decade together with the core science projects that aim to meet these challenges. These discordances primarily rest on the divergence in the measurement of core cosmological parameters with varying levels of statistical confidence. These possible statistical tensions may be partially accounted for by systematics in various measurements or cosmological probes but there is also a growing indication of potential new physics beyond the standard model. After reviewing the principal probes used in the measurement of cosmological parameters, as well as potential systematics, we discuss the most promising array of potential new physics that may be observable in upcoming surveys. We also discuss the growing set of novel data analysis approaches that go beyond traditional methods to test physical models. These new methods will become increasingly important in the coming years as the volume of survey data continues to increase, and as the degeneracy between predictions of different physical models grows. There are several perspectives on the divergences between the values of cosmological parameters, such as the model-independent probes in the late Universe and model-dependent measurements in the early Universe, which we cover at length. The White Paper closes with a number of recommendations for the community to focus on for the upcoming decade of observational cosmology, statistical data analysis, and fundamental physics developments. Download: Download high-res image (270KB) Download: Download full-size image