36th International Symposium on Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine

著者: R. M. Bateman, Michael D. Sharpe, Justin E. Jagger, Chiara Ellis, Jordi Solé‐Violán, M. López Rodríguez, Estefanía Herrera‐Ramos, JA Ruiz-Hernández, Luis Borderías, Juan Pablo Horcajada, N. González-Quevedo, Olga Rajas, Ma Luisa Briones, Felipe Rodrı́guez de Castro, Claudio Gallego, Figen Esen, G. Orhun, Perihan Ergin Özcan, Evren Şentürk, Canan Uğur Yılmaz, Nurcan Orhan, Nadir Arıcan, M. Kaya, Melike Küçükerden, Murat Giriş, Uğur Akcan, Sema Bilgiç Gazioğlu, Eray Tüzün, Reut Riff, Oshri Naamani, Amos Douvdevani, Ryosuke Takegawa, Hisao Yoshida, Tomoya Hirose, Naoki Yamamoto, Hideharu Hagiya, Masahiro Ojima, Y. Akeda, Osamu Tasaki, Kazunori Tomono, T. Shimazu, S. Ono, Toshio Kubo, S Suda, T. Ueno, T. Ikeda, Tomoya Hirose, Hiroshi Ogura, Hiroki Takahashi, Masahiro Ojima, J. Kang, Youhei Nakamura, Takashi Kojima, T. Shimazu, T. Ikeda, S Suda, Yoshito Izutani, Takuya Ueno, Satoshi Ono, Tadatsugu Taniguchi, M. O, C. Dinter, J. Lotz, Beth Eilers, Christian Wißmann, Rex S. Lott, Marc Meili, Philipp Schüetz, Hassan Hawa, M. Sharshir, M. Aburageila, Nawal Salahuddin, Vasiliki Chantziara, Sophia Georgiou, Angeliki M. Tsimogianni, Panagiotis Alexandropoulos, A. Vassi, F. Lagiou, M. Valta, Georgia Micha, E. Chinou, G. Michaloudis, A. Kodaira, T. Ikeda, Satoshi Ono, T. Ueno, S Suda, Y. Izutani, Hitoshi Imaizumi, María Victoria de la Torre-Prados, A García-de la Torre, Alfredo Enguix-Armada, A Puerto-Morlán, V. Perez-Valero, Ángel García-Alcántara, N. Bolton, J. Dudziak, Samantha Bonney, Ascanio Tridente, Patrick Née, Gerry A. F. Nicolaes, Maryse A. Wiewel, MJ Schultz, K. Wildhagen, Janneke Horn, Roy Schrijver, T. Van der Poll, Chris Reutelingsperger, Suresh Pillai, G. Davies, Graham Mills, R. Aubrey, K. Morris, P. Williams, P. Evans, Étienne Gayat, Julian P. Struck, Alain Cariou, Nicolas Deye, Bertrand Guidet, S. Jabert, Jean‐Marie Launay, M Legrand, Marc Léone, Matthieu Resche‐Rigon, Éric Vicaut, Antoine Vieillard‐Baron, Amel Mebazâa, R. Arnold, Müge Capan, Adam Linder, Per Åkesson, Marius Nicolae Popescu, D. Tomescu, Charles L. Sprung, Ricardo Morales, G Munteanu, Efrat Orenbuch‐Harroch, Phillip D. Levin, Harvey L. Kasdan, Austin Reiter, T. Volker, Y. Himmel, Yves Cohen, Julien Meissonnier, Louis Girard, Fabien Rebeaud, I. F. Herrmann, Benjamin Delwarde, Estelle Peronnet, Enrico Cerrato, Fabienne Venet, Alain Lepape, Thomas Rimmelé, Guillaume Monneret, Julien Textoris, Beloborodova Nv, V. Moroz, A. А. Osipov, A. Yu. Bedova, Y. Sarshor, Aliсa K. Pautova, A. E. Sergeev, Ekaterina Chernevskaya, Jonas Odermatt, Rebekka Bolliger, Lara Hersberger, M. Ottiger, Mirjam Christ‐Crain, B. Mueller, Philipp Schüetz, Narendra Kumar Sharma, A. K. Tashima, Milena Karina Coló Brunialti, Flávia Ribeiro Machado, M. Assuncao, Otelo Rigato, Reinaldo Salomão, Sara Cajander, Gail E. Rasmussen, Elisabet Tina, Bo Söderquist, Jeremy Kallman, Kristoffer Strålin, Audun Lange, Jonas Sundén‐Cullberg, Anders Magnuson, Olof Hultgren, G. Davies, S. Pillai, Graham Mills, R. Aubrey, K. Morris, P. Williams, P. Evans, Suresh Pillai, G. Davies, Graham Mills, R. Aubrey, K. Morris, P. Williams, P. Evans, Suresh Pillai, G. Davies, G. Mills, R. Aubrey, K. Morris, Paul Williams, P. Evans, P. Van der Geest, Mostafa Mohseni, Jo Linssen, Rogier de Jonge, Servet Duran, Johan Groeneveld, R. Miller, Bert K. Lopansri, Leo McHugh, A. Seldon, J. P. Burke, J. Johnston, Rosie Reece-Anthony, A. Bond, A. Molokhia, Christopher McGrath, E. Nsutebu, Peter Bank Pedersen, Daniel Pilsgaard Henriksen, Søren Mikkelsen, Annmarie Touborg Lassen, R. Tincu, Cristian Cobilinschi, D. Tomescu, Z. Ghiorghiu, R. Macovei, Maryse A. Wiewel, Matthew B.A. Harmon, Lonneke A. van Vught, Brendon P. Scicluna, Arie J. Hoogendijk, J. Horn, A. H. Zwinderman, Olaf L. Cremer, Marc J. M. Bonten, MJ Schultz, Tom van der Poll, N. P. Juffermans, W. J. Wiersinga, Gülay Eren, Y. Tekdos, Mustafa Hakan Dogan, Özlem Acicbe, Ergün Barış Kaya, Oya Hergünsel, S. Alsolamy, Ghassan Al Ghamdi, Lolowa Alswaidan, Saleh Alharbi, Fatimah Freih Alenezi, Yaseen M. Arabi, J. D. Heaton, Adam Boyce, Lea Nolan, J. Johnston, A. Dukoff-Gordon, A. Dean, A. Molokhia, T. Mann Ben Yehudah, C. Fleischmann, D. Thomas-Rueddel, C. Haas, U. Dennler, K. Reinhart, Onnicha Suntornlohanakul, Bodin Khwannimit, F. Breckenridge, Alex Puxty, Petr Szturz, P. Folwarzcny, Jan Švancara, Roman Kula, P. Sevcik, Luca Caneva, Alberto Casazza, E. Bellazzi, Serena Marra, Laura Pagani, M. Lo Vetere, R. Vanzino, D. Ciprandi, R. Preda, R. Boschi, L Carnevale, Victor Lopez, M. Aguilar Arzapalo, L. Barradas, A. Escalante, J. Gongora, M. Cetina, Barbara Adamik, D Jakubczyk, Andrzej Kübler, Anthony J. Radford, T. Lee, Joel Singer, John H. Boyd, David Fineberg, Michael Williams, James A. Russell, Ecaterina Scărlătescu, Dana Tomescu, Gabriela Droc, Sorin Ștefan Aramă, María José Conejero Müller, Marleen Straat, Sacha Zeerleder, N. P. Juffermans, Cathérine Fuchs, Christian Scheer, S. W. Wauschkuhn, Marcus Vollmer, Konrad Meissner, Simone Kühn, Klaus Hahnenkamp, S. Rehberg, Matthias Gründling, Naoki Yamamoto, Masahiro Ojima, Shigeto Hamaguchi, Tomoya Hirose, Y. Akeda, Ryosuke Takegawa, Osamu Tasaki, Takeshi Shimazu, Kazunori Tomono, E. Gómez-Sánchez, María Heredia‐Rodríguez, E. Álvarez-Fuente, Mario Lorenzo‐López, E. Gómez-Pesquera, M. Fernandez Aragon, P. Liu-Zhu, A. Sánchez-López, A. Hernández-Lozano, M. T. Peláez-Jareño, Eduardo Tamayo, Daniel Thomas‐Rüddel, C. Fleischmann, C. Haas, U. Dennler, K. Reinhart, V. Adora, A Kar, Apu Chakraborty, Sayak Roy, Arun Bandyopadhyay, Manoja Kumar Das, T. Mann Ben Yehudah, Gal Ben‐Yehudah, Mohammad Salim, Neelja Kumar, Yaseen M. Arabi, T. Burger, Paul Lephart, E. Toth-martin, C. Valencia, Naïma Hammami, Stijn Blot, Jean‐Louis Vincent, M.-L. Lambert, Jana Brunke, T. Riemann, Ingolf Roschke, R. Tincu, Cristian Cobilinschi, D. Tomescu, Z. Ghiorghiu, Radu Alexandru Macovei, S. Nimitvilai, Kavita Jintanapramote, S. Jarupongprapa, Dalia Adukauskienė, Dovilė Valančienė, Gauruv Bose, Vasileios Lostarakos, Bryan Carr, S. Khedher, A. Maaoui, A. Ezzamouri, Marwa Rashad Salem, Jenny Chen, Duncan R Cranendonk, Lonneke A. van Vught, Maryse A. Wiewel, Olaf L. Cremer, J. Horn, Marc J. M. Bonten, MJ Schultz, T. Van der Poll, W. J. Wiersinga, Michael Day, G. Penrice, Koyel Roy, Paul L. Robertson, Gauri Godbole, Brad Jones, M Booth, Lindsay Donaldson, Yasumasa Kawano, Hiroyasu Ishikura, H. Al-Dorzi, Marwan Obaid Al-Mutairi, B. Alhamadi, A. Crizaldo Toledo, R. Khan, Basel Al Raiy, Y. Arabi, H. Talaie, Hans van Oers, A. Harts, Ellen Nieuwkoop, Piet Vos, Y. Boussarsar, F. Boutouta, Salma Kamoun, I. Mezghani, S. Koubaji, A. Souissi, Anis Riahi, Mhamed Sami Mebazaa, E Giamarellos-Bourboulis, Nikolaos Tziolos, Christina Routsi, Chrisostomos Katsenos, Iraklis Tsangaris, Ioannis Pneumatikos, G. Vlachogiannis, Vasiliki Theodorou, Athanasios Prekates, Elli Antypa, V. Koulouras, N. Kapravelos, Charalambos Gogos, E Antoniadou, K. Mandragos, Apostolos Armaganidis, A. R. Robles Caballero, Belén Civantos, Juan Carlos Figueira, Jessica Lopez, André Silva‐Pinto, Fátima Ceia, António Sarmento, Luís Santos, Ghaleb A. Almekhlafi, Yasser Sakr, H. Al-Dorzi, R. Khan, Salim Baharoon, A. S. Aldawood, Amal Matroud, John Alchin, Sameera Al Johani, Hanan H. Balkhy, Yaseen M. Arabi, Sami Alsolamy, Sami Yousif, B. O. Alotabi, Abdulmohsen Alsaawi, Jocelyn Y. Ang, M. D. Curran, David Enoch, V. Navapurkar, Andrew Conway Morris, R. Sharvill, Jonathan W. Astin, María Heredia‐Rodríguez, E. Gómez-Sánchez, M. T. Peláez-Jareño, E. Gómez-Pesquera, Mario Lorenzo‐López, P. Liu-Zhu, M. Fernandez Aragon, A. Hernández-Lozano, A. Sánchez-López, E. Álvarez-Fuente, Eduardo Tamayo, Jina Patel, Carsten Krüger, J. O’Neal, H. Rhodes, J. Jancik, Bruno François, Pierre-François Laterre, Philippe Eggimann, A. Torres, M. Sánchez, Pierre‐François Dequin, Gianluigi Li Bassi, J. Chastre, H. S. Jafri, Majdi Ben Romdhane, Z. Douira, S. Kamoun, M. Bousselmi, A. Ben Souissi, Y. Boussarsar, A. Riahi, M. S. Mebazaa, A. Vakalos, V. Avramidis, Thomas Craven, G. Wojcik, Kallirroi Kefala, J. McCoubrey, J. Reilly, R. Paterson, Donald Inverarity, Ian F. Laurenson, Timothy Walsh, Silvia Mongodi, B. Bouhemad, Anita Orlando, Andréa Stella, Gabriele Via, Giorgio Antonio Iotti, Antonio Braschi, Francesco Mojoli, M. Haliloglu, Beliz Bilgili, Umut Sabri Kasapoğlu, İsmet Sayan, Melek Süzer Aslan, S. Yalçin, İsmail Cinel, A. Vakalos, V. Avramidis, Helen Ellis, K. Bauchmuller, Donna Miller, A. Temple, J. Chastre, Bruno François, A. Torres, C. E. Luyt, M. Sánchez, Mervyn Singer, H. S. Jafri, Yasser Sadek Nassar, M. S. Ayad, Ahlem Trifi, Sami Abdellatif, Frank Daly, Rochdi Nasri, Salah Ben Lakhal, Beliz Bilgili, M. Haliloglu, F. Gul, İsmail Cinel, A. Kuzovlev, А. К. Шабанов, S. G. Polovnikov, V. Moroz, N. Kadrichu, Tran Dang, K Corkery, P. Challoner, Gianluigi Li Bassi, Eva de los Ángeles Miralles Aguilera, Chiara Chiurazzi, Chiara Travierso, Ana Motos, Lucila María Pérez Fernández, Rosanel Amaro, Tarek Senussi, Francesco Idone, Joaquim Bobí, Montserrat Rigol, A. Torres, C. J. Hodiamont, N. P. Juffermans, J. M. Janssen, Catherine S. C. Bouman, Ron A. A. Mathôt, Menno D. de Jong, Reinier M. van Hest, Liz Payne, Gilles L. Fraser, Bianca Tudor, Matthias Lahner, Georg A. Roth, C. G. Krenn, Haleh Talaie, P. Jault, J. Gabard, Thomas Leclerc, Serge Jennes, Yok‐Ai Que, A. Rousseau, François Ravat, H. Al-Dorzi, Abdullatif Yasir H Eissa, Saleh Alharbi, Tarek Aldabbagh, R. Khan, Yaseen M. Arabi, Ahlem Trifi, Sami Abdellatif, Frank Daly, Rochdi Nasri, Salah Ben Lakhal, F. Paramba, Nishan K Purayil, Vamanjore A Naushad, Osama Hashim Mohammad, V. Negi, P. Prarthana Chandra, A. Kleinsasser, M. R. Witrz, J. F. Buchner-Doeven, A. M. Tuip-de Boer, J. Carel Goslings, N. P. Juffermans, M. Van Hezel, M. Straat, Alexandra Crispim Boing, Rykel van Bruggen, N. P. Juffermans, Dimitra Markopoulou, Kyriaki Venetsanou, Vasileios Kaldis, D. Koutete, D. Chroni, Ioannis Alamanos, Lionel Koch, J. Jancik, H. Rhodes, E. Walter, Kenichiro Maekawa, Mineji Hayakawa, Shigeki Kushimoto, Atsushi Shiraishi, H. Kato, Junichi Sasaki, Hiroshi Ogura, T. Matauoka, Toshifumi Uejima, Naoto Morimura, H. Ishikura, Akira Hagiwara, Masahide Takeda, О. Тарабрин, S. Shcherbakow, D. Gavrychenko, G. Mazurenko, Вероника Алексеевна Иванова, O. Chystikov, Collin Plourde, Justine Lessard, Jean‐Marc Chauny, Rita D’Aoust, S. Shcherbakow, О. Тарабрин, D. Gavrychenko, G. Mazurenko, O. Chystikov, A. Vakalos, V. Avramidis, L. Kropman, L. In het Panhuis, J. Konings, Dana Huskens, Evelien Schurgers, Mark Roest, Bas de Laat, Marcus D. Lancé, Miroslav Durila, P. Lukas, Marta Astraverkhava, J. Jonas, Ivan Budnik, Elizabeth Shenkman, H Hayami, Y. Koide, Takashi Goto, Rehana Iqbal, Yasir Alhamdi, Neethu Venugopal, Simon T. Abrams, C. Downey, Cheng‐Hong Toh, Ingeborg Welters, V. B. Bombay, Jean‐Marc Chauny, R. D. Daoust, Justine Lessard, Martin Marquis, J. P. Paquet, K. Siemens, Dilanee P. Sangaran, B. J. Hunt, Andrew Durward, Andrew Nyman, I. A. Murdoch, SM Tibby, Fotini Ampatzidou, D. Moisidou, E. Dalampini, M. Nastou, E. Vasilarou, V. Kalaizi, H. Chatzikostenoglou, George Drossos, S. Spadaro, Alberto Fogagnolo, T Fiore, Adam Schiavi, V. Fontana, Fabio Silvio Taccone, Carlo Alberto Volta, Elpis Chochliourou, Eleni Volakli, A. Violaki, E. Samkinidou, G. Evlavis, V. Panagiotidou, M. Sdougka, R. Mothukuri, Ceri Battle, K. Guy, G. Mills, P. Evans, Julian Wijesuriya, Sean Keogh, Annemarie B Docherty, R O’Donnell, Susan J Brunskill, Marialena Trivella, Carolyn Dorée, Line Marie Holst, M. Parker, Markil Gregersen, Juliano Pinheiro de Almeida, Timothy Walsh, Simon Stanworth, Sarka Moravcova, Jenny Mansell, A. Rogers, R. A. Smith, Colin Hamilton-Davies, Amr Salah Omar, Mahmoud Allam, O. Bilala, Ali Kindawi, HA Ewila, Fotini Ampatzidou, D. Moisidou, M. Nastou, E. Dalampini, Angelakis Malamas, E. Vasilarou, G. Drossos, G. Ferreira, José Guilherme Mendes Pereira Caldas, J Fukushima, E Osawa, E. Arita, L. Camara, Suely Pereira Zeferino, Jaquelline Maria Jardim, F. Gaioto, Luís Roberto Palma Dallan, Fábio Biscegli Jatene, Roberto Kalil Filho, Filomena Regina Barbosa Gomes Galas, Ludhmila Abrahão Hajjar, Chieko Mitaka, Tetsu Ohnuma, T. Murayama, Fumio Kunimoto, Maki Nagashima, Tatsuro Takei, Makoto Tomita, Amr Salah Omar, Karim M. Mahmoud, Samy Hanoura, Suraj Sudarsanan, Praveen Sivadasan, H. Othamn, Yasser Shouman, Rajvir Singh, A. Al Khulaifi, Irina A. Mandel, S. Mikheev, I. V. Suhodolo, В В Киселев, Yuri Svirko, Yu. K. Podoksenov, Stephen A. Jenkins, Ruth Griffin, M. S. Tovar Doncel, A. Lima, César Aldecoa, Can İnce, Asma A. Taha, Ahmed Shafie, Magdi Mohammad Mostafa, Nauroz Syed, H. Hon, F. Righetti, E. Colombaroli, G. Castellano, F. Righetti, E. Colombaroli, Marilyn Hravnak, L. C. Chen, Artur Dubrawski, Gilles Clermont, Michael R. Pinsky, Sergio González, D. Macias, J. Acosta, P. Jimenez, Ana Loza, A. Lesmes, F. Muñoz Lucena, C. Cruz De Leon, M. S. Tovar Doncel, Can İnce, César Aldecoa, A. Lima, M. Bastide, Jack Richecoeur, Éric Frenoy, C. Lemaire, Bertrand Sauneuf, Fabienne Tamion, Saad Nseir, Damien du Cheyron, Hervé Dupont, Julien Maizel, M Shaban, Rachel P. Kolko, N. Salahuddin, Moh’d A. Sharshir, M. Aburageila, Ali Hassan Alhussain, P. Mercado, J. Maizel, Loay Kontar, D. Titeca, Franck Brazier, A. Riviere, M. Joris, Thierry Soupison, B. De Cagny, M. Slama, J. Wagner, A. Kørner, Mathias Kubik, Stefan Kluge, Danielle Reuter, Bernd Saugel, E. Colombaroli, Francesca Righetti, G. Castellano, Thao Mai Phuong Tran, David De Bels, Antonella Cudia, Mihai Strachinaru, P. Ghottignies, Jacques Devriendt, Charalampos Pierrakos, Ó. Martínez González, Rafael Blancas, Juán Luján, D. Ballesteros, Chanelle Diaz, A. Núñez, C. Martín Parra, Blanca López Matamala, M. Alonso Fernández, Manik Chana, Wolfgang Huber, Maximilian Eckmann, Felicia Elkmann, Andreas Gruber, Isabelle Klein, Roland M. Schmid, Tobias Lahmer, Peter Möller, Sören Söndergaard, Stephan M. Jakob, Jarmo Takala, Douglas Berger, Davide Bastoni, H. Aya, L. Toscani, Luca Pigozzi, Andrew Rhodes, Maurizio Cecconi, C. Ostrowska, H. Aya, Abbas As, Johannes Mellinghoff, Claire Ryan, D. Dawson, Andrew Rhodes, M. Cecconi, Maria Cronhjort, Olof Wall, Eric Nyberg, Rui Zeng, Christer Svensén, Johan Mårtensson, Eva Joelsson‐Alm, M. Aguilar Arzapalo, L. Barradas, V. Lopez, M. Cetina, Nicola Parenti, Carlo Palazzi, L. A. Amidei, Felice Borrelli, S. C. Campanale, F. T. Tagliazucchi, G. S. Sedoni, Davide Lucchesi, E Carella, Anita Luciani, Maja Mačković, Nikolina Marić, Marija Bakula, H. Aya, Andrew Rhodes, RM Grounds, Nick Fletcher, M. Cecconi, B. Avard, P. Zhang, Mehdi Mezidi, Jonathan Charbit, M. Ould-Chikh, Pauline Deras, Caroline Maury, Omar Martínez, Xavier Capdevila, Peter C. Hou, WT Linde-Zwirble, I. D. Douglas, Nancy S. Shapiro, A. Souissi, I. Mezghani, Y. Ben Aicha, Salma Kamoun, B. Laribi, Bedis Jeribi, Anis Riahi, Mhamed Sami Mebazaa, Caroline R M Pereira, R. Marinho, Rui Antunes, A. Marinho, M. Crivits, Maarten Raes, J. Decruyenaere, Eric A. J. Hoste, В. А. Багин, В. А. Руднов, A. Savitsky, M. Astafyeva, Igor Korobko, V. I. Vein, Tim Kampmeier, Philip‐Helge Arnemann, Michael Heßler, Anna Wald, K. Bockbreder, Andrea Morelli, Hugo Van Aken, S. Rehberg, Christian Ertmer, Philip‐Helge Arnemann, Michael Heßler, Tim Kampmeier, S. Rehberg, Hugo Van Aken, Can İnce, Christian Ertmer, S. Reddy, M. Bailey, R. Beasley, Rinaldo Bellomo, Diane Mackle, Alex Psirides, Paul J. Young, S. Reddy, M. Bailey, R. Beasley, Rinaldo Bellomo, Diane Mackle, Paul J. Young, H. A. Venkatesh, S. Ramachandran, Abhijit Basu, Harikrishnan V Nair, Sarah A. Egan, J Bates, S. Oliveira, N. R. Rangel Neto, F. Q. Reis, C. P. Lee, Xue-Wei Lin, Casey Choong, Kar Mun Eu, W. Y. Sim, Kuan Sen Tee, Jessica Pau, John Abisheganaden, K. Maas, Hilde de Geus, E. Lafuente, R. Marinho, J. Moura, Rui Antunes, A. Marinho, T. E. Doris, Diane Monkhouse, Tim Shipley, Stephen Kardasz, Ivis Gonzalez, Susanne Stads, A. J. Groeneveld, I. Elsayed, Nick Ward, Ascanio Tridente, Ajay Raithatha, A. Steuber, C. Pelletier, Stefan Schröder, E. Michael, Torsten Slowinski, Detlef Kindgen‐Milles, S. Ghabina, Franco Turani, Antonio Belli, Silvia Busatti, G. Barettin, F. Candidi, F. Gargano, R Barchetta, M Falco, Oktay Demirkıran, M. E. Kosuk, Süha Bozbay, Viktoria Weber, Jens Hartmann, Stephan Harm, Ingrid Linsberger, T. Eichhorn, G. Valicek, Georg Miestinger, Christoph Hoermann, Stefano Faenza, Donna Ricci, Elizabeth Mancini, Carley N. Gemelli, Aurora Cuoghi, Silvia Magnani, Marta Luisa Ciofi degli Atti, Tommaso Laddomada, Andrea Doronzio, B Balicco, M. C. Gruda, Patricia O’Sullivan, Viorela Dan, T. Guliashvili, A. Scheirer, T. D. Golobish, V. J. Capponi, PK Chan, Klaus Kogelmann, Matthias Drüner, Dominik Jarczak, Franco Turani, Alain Belli, S. M. Martni, Virginia Cotticelli, F. Mounajergi, R Barchetta, Shinichi Morimoto, H. Ishikura, Islam Hussain, Nawal Salahuddin, Amina Nadeem, Khaled Ghorab, Khalid Maghrabi, Stephan Kloesel, C. Goldfuss, A. S. Stieglitz, A. S. Stieglitz, L. Krstevska, Gerd Albuszies, M. Aguilar Arzapalo, L. Barradas, V. Lopez, A. Escalante, G Jimmy, M. Cetina, Junichi Izawa, Taku Iwami, S. Uchino, Masanori Takinami, Τakeshi Kitamura, Takashi Kawamura, J. Powell-Tuck, Siobhan Crichton, Mário Raimundo, Luigi Camporota, D. Wyncoll, M. Ostermann, Anisa Hana, Hilde de Geus, H. R. De Geus, Anisa Hana, Müge Aydoğdu, Nazlıhan Boyacı Dündar, Seher Yüksel, G. Gursel, A. B. Cayci Sivri, José Martín Meza-Márquez, J. Nava-López, Raúl Carrillo-Esper, Alain Dardashti, Anders Grubb, J. Maizel, Marnie M. Wetzstein, D. Titeca, Loay Kontar, F. Brazier, B. De Cagny, A. Riviere, Thierry Soupison, M. Joris, M. Slama, Theo Peters, H. Njimi, P. Pickkers, Jean‐Louis Vincent, Manprit Waraich, James F. Doyle, Theophilus Samuels, Lui G. Forni, Nishita Desai, Rachel Baumber, Peter W. Gunning, A Sell, S. C. Lin, Harold Torrence, Michael J. O’Dwyer, Christopher J. Kirwan, J. Prowle, T. Kim, M. E. O’Connor, Russ Hewson, Christopher J. Kirwan, Rupert M. Pearse, J. Prowle, Samy Hanoura, Amr Salah Omar, H. Othamn, Suraj Sudarsanan, Mahmoud Allam, M. Maksoud, Rajvir Singh, A. Al Khulaifi, M. E. O’Connor, Russ Hewson, Christopher J. Kirwan, Rupert M. Pearse, John R. Prowle, Osman Uzundere, Dilek Memiş, M. Ýnal, Ahmet Gültekin, Nuray Turan, MA Aydın, Halil Başar, İrfan Şencan, A. Kapuağası, Mehmet Öztürk, Z. Uzundurukan, D. Gokmen, Ayşe Özcan Küçük, Çetin Kaymak, В. А. Артеменко, A. Budnyuk, Richard Pugh, Sunil Bhandari, Tommaso Mauri, Cecilia Turrini, Thomas Länger, Paolo Taccone, Carlo Alberto Volta, C. Marenghi, Luciano Gattinoni, A. Pesenti, Lisa Sweeney, Andrew O’Sullivan, Paula Kelly, E. Mukeria, Ronan MacLoughlin, Michael A. Pfeffer, J Thomas, G. B. Bregman, G. K. Karp, E. K. Kishinevsky, Dekel Stavi, Nimrod Adi, T. Poropat, Rihard Knafelj, E. Llopart, Montserrat Batlle, Candelaria de Haro, Jaume Mesquida, Antonio Artigas, D. Pavlović, Lars Lewerentz, Alexander Spassov, Romy Schneider, Steven Smet, Sylvie De Raedt, E. Derom, Pieter Depuydt, Sandra Oeyen, Dominique Benoît, J. Decruyenaere, André Luiz Nunes Gobatto, Bruno Adler Maccagnan Pinheiro Besen, Paulo Fernando Guimarães Morando Marzocchi Tierno, Lívia Maria Garcia Melro, Pedro Vitale Mendes, Filipe Matheus Cadamuro, M. Park, Luíz Marcelo Sá Malbouisson, Belén Civantos, Jessica Lopez, Anamaria J. Robles, Juan Carlos Figueira, S. Yus, Angela S. García, A. Oglinda, G. Ciobanu, C. Oglinda, L. Schirca, T. Sertinean, V. Lupu, P. Kelly, Andrew O’Sullivan, Lisa Sweeney, Ronan MacLoughlin, Andrew O’Sullivan, P. Kelly, Lisa Sweeney, E. 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Cabral-Campello, Irene Aragão, Teresa Cardoso, Margo van Mol, Marjan D. Nijkamp, Erwin J. O. Kompanje, P. Ostrowski, Amr Salah Omar, K Kiss, Béla Köves, Valér Csernus, Zsolt Molnár, Y. Hoydonckx, S. Vanwing, B. Stessel, A. Van Assche, Luc Jamaer, J. Dubois, V. Medo, Rosario Barrera Gálvez, J. P. Miranda, Charles K. Stone, Timothy Wigmore, Y. Arunan, A. Wheeler, Kris Bauchmüller, Daniele Bryden, Adrian Wong, Choo Hwee Poi, Carol Gu, P. Molmy, Nicolas Van Grunderbeeck, Olivier Nigeon, Malcolm Lemyze, Didier Thévenin, Jihad Mallat, J. Ramos, Maryam Correa, Raquel Carvalho, D. Forte, Analía Fernández, Craig A. McBride, E. Koonthalloor, Cathal Walsh, Ann Webber, Maureen C. Ashe, Kirsten V. Smith, P. Jeanrenaud, Andrea Marudi, Stefano Baroni, Francesca Ragusa, Elisabetta Bertellini, Eleni Volakli, Elpis Chochliourou, Meropi Dimitriadou, A. Violaki, Peristera-Eleni Mantzafleri, E. Samkinidou, O. Vrani, A. Arbouti, T. Varsami, M. Sdougka, Jan Bollen, Tim C. van Smaalen, W. C. De Jongh, M.M. ten Hoopen, Dirk Ysebaert, L. W. Van Heurn, Walther N. van Mook, K. Sim, A. Oveta Fuller, Amanda Roze des Ordons, Philippe Couillard, Christopher J. Doig, Rose‐Lima Van Keer, Reginald Deschepper, A Francke, Luc Huyghens, J. B. Bilsen, B. Nyamaizi, C. Dalrymple, A. Molokhia, A. Dobru, E. Marrinan, A. Ankuli, A. Molokhia, J. McPeake, R. Struthers, Rebecca Crawford, H. Devine, Pamela MacTavish, Tara Quasim, P Morelli, M. Degiovanangelo, Felipe Kesrouani Lemos, Victoria Jimenez Martinez, F. Verga, J. L. Santana Cabrera, G. Burghi, A Rutten, S. Van Ieperen, Sabrina Geer, Marieke K. van Vugt, E. Der Kinderen, Alberto Giannini, Guido Miccinesi, Tiziana Marchesi, Edi Prandi - Critical Care 2016 被引用: 521

Introduction: Intravenous(IV) immunoglobulin(Ig) treatment is known to alleviate behavioral deficits in the experimentally induced model of sepsis. To delineate the mechanisms by which IVIg treatment prevents neuronal dysfunction, an array of immunological and apoptosis markers was investigated. Methods: Sepsis was induced by cecal ligation perforation(CLP) in rats. The animals were divided into five groups; sham, control, CLP + saline, CLP + immunoglobulin G IgG(250 mg/kg,iv), and CLP + immunoglobulins enriched with immunoglobulin M-IgGAM(250 mg/kg,iv). Blood and brain samples were taken in two sets of experiments after CLP to see the early(24 hrs) and late(10 days) effects of treatment. Total complement activity, complement 3(C3) and soluble complement C5b-9 levels were measured in sera of rats using ELISA-based methods. Cerebral complement content was analyzed by Western Blot. Immune cell infiltration and gliosis were examined by immunohistochemistry using cluster of differentiation 3, CD4, CD8, CD11b, CD19 and glial fibrillary acidic protein antibodies. Apoptotic neuronal death was investigated by TUNEL staining and Western Blot-based semi-quantitative evaluation of brain homogenates by bax and bcl-2 antibodies. Results: IV IgG and IgGAM administration significantly reduced systemic complement activity but increased serum C3 and soluble C5b-9 levels. Likewise, Western Blot data showed slightly increased C5b-9 expression and significantly reduced C1q expression in brain samples of IgGAM-treated but not IgG-treated septic rats especially in the first day of administration. No cerebral cellular infiltrates were observed in treated and non-treated septic rats. By contrast, IV IgG and IgGAM treatment induced considerable amelioration in glial cell proliferation which was increased in non-treated rats. IgG and IgGAM treated rats exhibited significantly reduced numbers of apoptotic neurons and cerebral expression levels of bax and bcl-2 as compared to nontreated rats. Conclusions: We suggest that IV IgG and IgGAM administration ameliorates neuronal dysfunction and behavioral deficits by reducing apoptotic cell death and glial cell proliferation. IgGAM treatment might be suppressing classical complement pathway by reducing C1q expression.