A particulate saponin/TLR agonist vaccine adjuvant alters lymph flow and modulates adaptive immunity

Authors: Murillo Silva, Yu Kato, Mariane B. Melo, Ivy Phung, Brian L. Freeman, Zhong‐Ming Li, Kangsan Roh, Jan Willem van Wijnbergen, Hannah C. Watkins, Chiamaka A. Enemuo, Brittany L. Hartwell, Jason Y.H. Chang, Shuhao Xiao, Kristen A. Rodrigues, Kimberly M. Cirelli, Na Li, Sonya Haupt, Aereas Aung, Benjamin Cossette, Wuhbet Abraham, Swati Kataria, Raiza Bastidas, Jinal N. Bhiman, Caitlyn Linde, Nathaniel I. Bloom, Bettina Gröschel, Erik Georgeson, Nicole Phelps, Ayush Thomas, Julia Bals, Diane G. Carnathan, Daniel Lingwood, Dennis R. Burton, Galit Alter, Timothy P. Padera, Angela M. Belcher, William R. Schief, Guido Silvestri, Ruth M. Ruprecht, Shane Crotty, Darrell J. Irvine - Science Immunology 2021 cited by 174

, and HIV tier 2 neutralizing antibodies in nonhuman primates. Together, these findings shed new light on mechanisms by which saponin adjuvants act to promote the immune response and suggest that SMNP may be a promising adjuvant in the setting of HIV, SARS-CoV-2, and other pathogens.